The quantitative risks of mesothelioma and lung cancer in relation to asbestos exposure

Hodgson, John

doi:10.1016/s0003-4878(00)00045-4

Cited by 421 publications

(392 citation statements)

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“…These concentrations are within the reported environmental concentrations of 1000 to 4500 fibres/m 3 (45 mm) in Casale Monferrato in Italy, although the latter were shortterm (4-8 h) measurements (Maule et al, 2007). Based on an available risk assessment (Hodgson and Darnton, 2000), it was estimated that these low concentrations will give rise to 1-2 cases of MM each year in a region with currently 130,000 inhabitants. It is important to emphasize that the presence of crocidolite in the majority of contaminated sites has strongly influenced this estimated burden of MM.…”

Section: External Validitysupporting

confidence: 73%

“…We used the risk assessment from the review of Hodgson and Darnton (2000) to estimate the expected occurrence of MM. This review presents different exposure-response relationships derived from occupational cohort studies, and the current analysis is based on an expected mortality of about 10 cases of MM per 100,000 persons (with highest estimate of 55 cases) exposed for approximately 5 years, starting at age 30 years, to a cumulative exposure of 5000 fibres/m 3 year À1 containing a significant proportion of crocidolite fibres.…”

Section: Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of cancer risks due to environmental exposure to asbestos

Driece

Siesling

Swuste

et al. 2009

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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In a rural area widespread pollution of friable and non-friable waste products was present, used to harden dirt tracks, yards, and driveways during . Exposure to environmental asbestos was assessed by a site approach, based on number of polluted sites within postal code areas, and by a household approach, based on number of households in the close vicinity to polluted sites within postal code areas. Based on asbestos soil investigations, 293 sites were identified with asbestos waste material at the surface, of which 77% contained crocidolite fibres as well as chrysotile fibres. The 293 sitesat-risk varied from 5 m 2 to 2722 m 2 and were surrounded by 347 households within 100 m of these sites. Distance to the plant was associated with the number of sites (r ¼ 0.36), and with the number of households (r ¼ 0.52). However, categorization of postal code areas into low, intermediate or high likelihood of exposure to asbestos showed a modest agreement between the site and household approach. In the site approach a total of 2.3 million person-years at risk were estimated with an average exposure of 1674 fibres/m 3 and an expected 1.8 cases of malignant mesothelioma each year. The household approach resulted in estimates of 1.2 million person-years at risk, and 0.9 cases of malignant mesothelioma per year, respectively. This study illustrates that asbestos waste on the surface of roads and yards in an area with over 130,000 inhabitants may result in long-term exposure to asbestos that will cause several cases of malignant mesothelioma each year. Although distance to plant, number of polluted sites and number of exposed household were associated, the modest agreement among these measures of exposure indicate that the exposure assessment strategy chosen in a particular study may result in considerable misclassification. Without detailed information on individual behaviour within the polluted area, it is difficult to show that a more individually oriented approach will perform better than an ecological approach.

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Section: External Validitysupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of cancer risks due to environmental exposure to asbestos

Driece

Siesling

Swuste

et al. 2009

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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“…Thus, to explain the development of the mesothelioma epidemic, other factors need to be invoked, such as the type of asbestos mainly used in different countries over time (Hodgson and Darnton, 2000), duration of exposure and years since last exposure (Hauptmann et al, 2002). It does, however, appear that the number of asbestos-related mesothelioma deaths during 1995 -2029 in Europe is likely to be lower than the 250 000 previously estimated on data available up to 1994.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Mesothelioma epidemic in Western Europe: an update

et al. 2004

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“…Mesothelioma risk varied widely among different studies, according to types of asbestos involved (chrysotile, amosite or crocidolite) (Hodgson and Darnton, 2000) and levels of exposure (Doll and Peto, 1985). Since other factors such as duration and years since first and last asbestos exposure (Bianchi et al, 1997;Hauptmann et al, 2002) also determine mesothelioma risk, it is important to analyse all these factors to disentangle their separate effects.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A meta-analysis of 69 cohort studies found a standardized mortality ratio (SMR) of 163 for lung cancer, with a substantial heterogeneity (Goodman et al, 1999) largely attributable to the different cumulative exposure to asbestos in various cohorts, this being the major determinant of lung cancer risk (Boffetta, 1998). Chrysotile fibres are considered less carcinogenic than amphiboles and it has been estimated that cohorts exposed to amosite and crocidolite experience an excess of lung cancer in the exposure specific risk of around 5% per ff ml À1 year, while the corresponding risk for chrysotile alone is between 0.1 and 0.5% (Hodgson and Darnton, 2000).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer mortality in a cohort of asbestos textile workers

et al. 2005

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A cohort of 889 men and 1077 women employed for at least 1 month between 1946 and 1984 by a former Italian leading asbestos (mainly textile) company, characterised by extremely heavy exposures often for short durations, was followed up to 1996, for a total of 53 024 person-years of observation. Employment data were obtained from factory personnel records, while vital status and causes of death were ascertained through municipality registers and local health units. We observed 222 cancer deaths compared with 116.4 expected (standardized mortality ratio, SMR ¼ 191). The highest ratios were found for pleural (SMR ¼ 4105), peritoneal (SMR ¼ 1817) and lung (SMR ¼ 282) cancers. We observed direct relationships with duration of employment for lung and peritoneal cancer, and with time since first employment for lung cancer and mesothelioma. Pleural cancer risk was independent from duration (SMR ¼ 3428 for employment o1 year, 7659 for 1 -4 years, 2979 for 5 -9 years and 2130 for X10 years). Corresponding SMRs for lung cancer were 139, 251, 233 and 531. Nonsignificantly increased ratios were found for ovarian (SMR ¼ 261), laryngeal (SMR ¼ 238) and oro-pharyngeal (SMR ¼ 226) cancers. This study confirms and further quantifies the central role of latency in pleural mesothelioma and of cumulative exposure in lung cancer.

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The quantitative risks of mesothelioma and lung cancer in relation to asbestos exposure

Cited by 421 publications

References 0 publications

Assessment of cancer risks due to environmental exposure to asbestos

Assessment of cancer risks due to environmental exposure to asbestos

The Mesothelioma epidemic in Western Europe: an update

Cancer mortality in a cohort of asbestos textile workers

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