The quantitative study of shape and pattern perception.

Attneave, Fred; Arnoult, Malcolm D.

doi:10.1037/h0044049

Cited by 600 publications

(318 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…There are two additional advantages: first, the number of angles in the polygon's contour is equal to the number of points used in its construction. Secondly, identical polygons are not generated in different locations; this avoids a major obstacle to the quantification of Attneave-Arnoult (1956) figures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An extension of the information-deductive analysis of form

Thurmond

Alluisi

1967

Psychon Sci

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An extension of the information-deductive analysis of form

Thurmond

Alluisi

1967

Psychon Sci

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“…During the target period, each participant saw two different images presented simultaneously. The objects were irregular polygons designed to be difficult to encode with verbal strategies (Attneave & Arnould 1956,Smith et al 1995. The two objects were presented in two of eight possible positions along the circumference of an imaginary circle that was centered about a fixation cross.…”

Section: Experimental Procedures Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional specificity and practice: Dynamic changes in object and spatial working memory

et al. 2007

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Working memory (WM) tasks engage a network of brain regions that includes primary, unimodal, and multimodal associative cortices. Little is known, however, about whether task practice influences these types of regions differently. In this experiment, we used event-related fMRI to examine practice-related activation changes in different region types over the course of a scanning session while participants performed a delayed-recognition task. The task contained separate WM processing stages (encoding, maintenance, retrieval) and different materials (object, spatial), which allowed us to investigate the influence of practice on different component processes. We observed significant monotonic decreases, and not increases, in fMRI signal primarily in unimodal and multimodal regions. These decreases occurred during WM encoding and retrieval, but not during maintenance. Finally, regions specific to the type of memoranda (e.g. spatial or object) showed a lesser degree of sensitivity to practice as compared to regions activated by both types of memoranda, suggesting that these regions may be specialized more for carrying out processing within a particular modality than for experience-related flexibility. Overall, these findings indicate that task practice does not have a uniform effect on stages of WM processing, the type of WM memoranda being processed or on different types of brain regions. Instead, regions engaged during WM encoding and retrieval may have greater capacity for functional plasticity than WM maintenance. Additionally, the degree of specialization within brain regions may determine processing efficiency. Unimodal and multimodal regions that participate in both object and spatial processing may be specialized for flexible experience-related change, while those supporting primary sensorimotor processing may operate at optimal efficiency and are less susceptible to practice.

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“…Following this operation, computer programs adjusted the area to a constant and 80 measures were computed from the coordinates in a 100 by 100 unit matrix. These patterns may be viewed as a subset of the stimulus domain of Type 1 random polygons (Attneave & Arnoult, 1956) previously used, wherein we have found that a small subset of the 80 measures is perceptually relevant (e.g., Behrman & Brown, 1967;Brown & Andrews, 1967;Aiken & Brown, 1969a, b, c;Forsyth & Brown, 1967a, b). Accordingly, all subsequent analyses are based upon seven measures.f If we view the measures as coordinate axes, the prototype polygon may be viewed as a point in a seven space and the three samples of patterns represent three clusters of points with the prototype as a common centroid.…”

Section: Pattern Generation and Quantificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discrimination and reproduction of patterns: Feature measures and constraint redundancy as predictors

Mavrides

Brown

1969

Perception & Psychophysics

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The statistical structure of samples ofpatterns [histoforms and polygons) variants is controlled by controlling the probability distribution of the random variable; and since it is unimodal and symmetrical, and since the random variable has a mean of zero, the prototype is the mean of all samples. As Evans (l967a) has pointed out, if appropriate identifications are made, three information measures may be calculated. Maximum channel capacity (H m ax ) , calculated in terms of bits per stimulus, occurs with random selection of column heights. Actual channel capacity (H a) is less than H m ax when the probability distribution of d is not rectangular; and the discrepancy between H m ax and H, may be quantified as constraint redundancy (R e):R e provides a measure of the extent to which a set of patterns deviates from the prototype and can be established in advance by the E.For these studies, a single eight-column prototype was used and three samples of 100, 99, and 99 variants were generated with 0, 40, and 7Wo constraint, respectively. Since our interest lay in a feature analysis quantification of the patterns, R c is not affected by the operations, and since computer programs are available for measuring features of polygons, the suggestion of

show abstract

The quantitative study of shape and pattern perception.

Cited by 600 publications

References 21 publications

An extension of the information-deductive analysis of form

An extension of the information-deductive analysis of form

Regional specificity and practice: Dynamic changes in object and spatial working memory

Discrimination and reproduction of patterns: Feature measures and constraint redundancy as predictors

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