“…In this section we present a simple model that can generate a risk premium associated with relative output gaps across countries, the GAP premium. While this setup abstracts away from trade in the consumption goods market, it constitutes a useful benchmark in the international finance literature, and it has been applied to the analysis of exchange rates' volatility (Colacito and Croce, 2011), international term structure of interest rates (Bansal and Shaliastovich, 2012), gravity in exchange rates' fluctuations (Lustig and Richmond, 2019), and quanto contracts (Kremens and Martin, 2019). We follow the literature and focus on this setup due to its ability to deliver closed form solutions for all the objects of interest, and leave a fully fledged general equilibrium analysis to future research.…”