The Queen’s Gift.

Horsnæs, Helle; Ravn, Mads

doi:10.2307/j.ctv1h9djth.25

Cited by 2 publications

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“…Det har i de senere år vaeret muligt at udskille flere eksempler på mønttyper, der til trods for, at de er meget sjaeldne, alligevel har en markant koncentration i fund fra Fyn og derfor er forsøgt tilskrevet en produktion i Odense. Det gaelder en gruppe tidlige borgerkrigsmønter, 49 andre sjaeldne typer fra Valdemartiden, 50 samt en 'ny' mønttype, som foreløbig er dateret til perioden o. 1200.…”

Section: Fire Overordnede Hovedgrupperunclassified

Klassifikation af mønter fra Valdemartiden

Horsnæs¹

2021

Kuml

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Classification of coins from the Valdemar eraThoughts prompted by a coin from Gudme church Coin dates are often considered to be accurate by archaeologists and historians. Indeed, many coin types can be dated to within a short period, often because of date inscriptions. But when dealing with anonymous coin types, we must rely on the archaeological toolbox: classification, typology and contextual evidence. In particular, the definition of types, subtypes and variations contains elements of subjectivity. Peter Hauberg published his fundamental typology for the period 1157-1241 in 1906, but only 4 years later the enormous hoard from Grenaa, most likely deposited in 1214-1234, multiplied both the known number of coins and the number of coin types from Jutland. Since then, new finds have been relatively rare, and these are mainly single finds with no datable context.The article takes as its starting point a coin found in Gudme church, with a royal portrait on the obverse and a Golgata depiction on the reverse. It reviews several coin types from the late 12th and early 13th century with the same combination of motifs. It concludes that types present in the Grenaa hoard, such as that represented by the coin from Gudme, are most likely from the first third of the 13th century, but we cannot exclude the possibility that some may be a little earlier. The dating of other types with related motifs is less certain; they may be a little earlier or even a little later, given that the overall design (king/symbol) of these types continued in use well into the mid-13th century. The types reviewed here can be divided into two groups based on their size and weight. The smaller/lighter types have mainly been found in Jutland (figs. 9, 15-18, 22-24). Many are represented in the Grenaa hoard and some specimens derive from the Bokel hoard in Germany. The larger/heavier types have a more eastern distribution, concentrated on the island of Funen, with only a single specimen in the Grenaa hoard. It is suggested that this group (figs. 1-14 and 19-21), including the Gudme coin (fig. 14), were actually struck on Funen (probably at the episcopal seat in Odense). They can be related to other rare and near-contemporary coin types with a similar concentration of finds on Funen.

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Section: Fire Overordnede Hovedgrupperunclassified

Klassifikation af mønter fra Valdemartiden

Horsnæs¹

2021

Kuml

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“…Den største gruppe udgøres af de 86 eksemplarer af MB 50-55, der er fundet i det nuvaerende Danmark. En stor del af enkeltfundene stammer fra Limfjordspladser og fra Tårnborg, der er et fund fra Lilleborg 18 på Bornholm, et fra Vestsjaelland og to enkeltfund fra Fyn, mens resten (20 mønter) stammer fra forskellige fund i Jylland, isaer Østjylland (inklusiv Samsø), samt fra Ribe. MB 50-55 er desuden repraesenteret i skattefundene fra Bjaeverskov, Herlufsholm og Øster Haesinge, samt ikke mindst fra den naevnte Flensborg-skat, hvor mønter af typen MB 50-55 udgjorde hovedpar- Type MB 43 = Hbg Lund 2.…”

Section: Materialetunclassified

“…Typer tilskrevet mønten i Lund var i 1994 på naer enkelte undtagelser bedre repraesenterede end typer tilskrevet de øvrige møntsteder -til trods for den manglende detektorbrug i Skåne, der dog til dels opvejes af de mange fund fra Lilleborg på Bornholm. 52 Der er således god grund til at antage, at der kan vaere slået mønt i Lund også i Abels regeringstid, selvom vi ikke kan pege på bestemte typer.…”

Section: Kvantitetunclassified

Mønttyper og møntsteder, datering og distribution – Potentiale og problemstillinger ved studiet af danske mønter fra midten af 1200-tallet

Horsnæs¹,

Märcher²

2017

Kuml

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Coin types and mints, dating and distribution Problems and potential in studies of Danish coins from the mid-13th centurySo-called civil-war coins constitute the largest group of coins found archaeologically in Denmark. They have always been common, but today’s widespread use of metal detectors, combined with the current treasure trove administration, means that civil-war coins now comprise almost 80% of the total coin record (Horsnæs 2017). These many new finds give cause for reassessment, not only of the coins themselves, but also of the methods and traditional interpretations that have been employed and applied for more than a century.In common parlance, the term civil-war coins refers to all coins minted in Denmark between 1241 and the second half of the 14th century. The name is problematic, but it is so widely used by metal detectorists, historians and archaeologists that it should probably be retained as the conventional term.Civil-war coins usually appear in finds reports and lists with a brief description comprising their number according to Mansfell-Bûllner’s illustrations, together with their place of minting and date, which either follow Peter Hauberg’s attributions (1884) or Keld Grinder-Hansen’s adjustments to these (2000).It is, however, important to be clear that, with respect to both geographical and chronological attributions of civil-war coins, these are not absolute truths but interpretations based on a combination of written sources, archaeological finds and theoretical assumptions. The growing number of finds has major consequences: It challenges traditional interpretations and gives cause for re-assessment of both the written sources and the theoretical foundation for the interpretation of the material. This does not just include our attribution of date and place of production, but also our understanding of the use of these coins in time, space and functional context.In this article, we exemplify some of the pertinent questions and problems and, at the same time, also demonstrate the potential of a study of medieval coinage based on the growing body of finds. As an example, we have chosen the only group of coins that can be very precisely dated within the period, namely the type bearing the inscription ABEL REX, which means unequivocally that they were produced in the period 1250-52. This gives the opportunity to put the question of date to one side and to look instead at distribution, period of use and function.Helle Horsnæs & Michael MärcherDen kgl. Mønt-og MedaillesamlingNationalmuseet

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The Queen’s Gift.

Cited by 2 publications

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Klassifikation af mønter fra Valdemartiden

Klassifikation af mønter fra Valdemartiden

Mønttyper og møntsteder, datering og distribution – Potentiale og problemstillinger ved studiet af danske mønter fra midten af 1200-tallet

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