The quiet chromosphere: Phase relation with the solar cycle

Li, K.J.; Wen, Feng

doi:10.1016/j.asr.2022.06.003

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 34 publications

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“…The spatial-temporal variation of Component-I and II both presents a butterfly diagram in a solar cycle, and their temporal evolution is in phase with the solar cycle. In contrary, Component-III are distributed all over the solar surface and in anti-phase with the solar cycle at low and middle latitudes of – 1 – 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

The role and contribution of magnetic fields, characterized via their magnetic flux, to the statistical structuring of the solar atmosphere

Wen

2022

Sci Rep

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The anomalous heating of the solar upper atmosphere is one of the eight key problems in modern astronomy. Moreover, the stratification of the solar atmosphere is an outstanding key-problem in solar physics. In this study, a hot butterfly-like pattern is found to run through the chromosphere to the corona lying right on top of the magnetic butterfly pattern of sunspots in the photosphere. We thus propose to introduce the term butterfly body to describe the butterfly diagram in the 3-dimensional atmosphere. Besides, we discuss the so-called polar brightening in different layers. It is found to be statistically in anti-phase with the solar cycle in the photosphere and the chromosphere, while in phase with the solar cycle in the corona. Accordingly, we describe the role and relationship of solar magnetic elements of different magnetic flux strengths to explain the statistical structuring of the solar atmosphere with the butterfly body over the solar cycle.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

The role and contribution of magnetic fields, characterized via their magnetic flux, to the statistical structuring of the solar atmosphere

Wen

2022

Sci Rep

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How Are the Abnormally Hot Chromosphere and Corona Heated by the Solar Magnetic Fields?

Li,

Xu,

Feng

et al. 2024

ApJ

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The corona is a structure possessed by stars, including the Sun. The abnormal heating of the solar corona and chromosphere is one of the greatest mysteries in modern astronomy. While state-of-the-art observations have identified some candidates of magnetic activity events that could be responsible for this abnormal heating, and theoretical studies have proposed various heating modes, a complete physical picture of how they are heated as a whole remains elusive. In this study, the characteristics of the heated corona and chromosphere are investigated, and for the first time, the question of how they are abnormally heated is explicitly answered by analyzing the long-term observations of the global chromosphere in the Ca ii K line and the global corona in the coronal green line. The findings reveal that both the quiet chromosphere and corona are in antiphase with the solar cycle, whereas the active chromosphere and corona are in phase with it. Different parts of the solar corona and chromosphere exhibit significantly different variation characteristics and are found to be heated by different magnetic categories and probably in different modes. This study posits that unraveling the heating mystery is best approached through the lens of magnetic categories, rather than magnetic activity events.

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The quiet chromosphere: Phase relation with the solar cycle

Cited by 2 publications

References 34 publications

The role and contribution of magnetic fields, characterized via their magnetic flux, to the statistical structuring of the solar atmosphere

The role and contribution of magnetic fields, characterized via their magnetic flux, to the statistical structuring of the solar atmosphere

How Are the Abnormally Hot Chromosphere and Corona Heated by the Solar Magnetic Fields?

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