The Rabl Orientation: A Prelude to Synapsis

Fussell, Catharine P.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-503365-7.50013-4

Cited by 58 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…The process can possibly be traced further back to the premeiotic disposition (i.e. Rabl orientation) of chromosomes within the interphase nucleus (Fussel, 1987;Sybenga & Rickards, 1987;Bidau, 1990;1991), if these chromosomes retain their telophasic orientation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proximal chiasmata induce non-disjunctional orientation of Robertsonian trivalents in a grasshopper

Mirol

Bidau

1992

Heredity

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The relationship between the symmetry of the meiotic configuration and the type of meiotic orientation (disjunctional and non-disjunctional) in Robertsonian trivalents of Dichroplus pratensis (Melanoplinae, Acrididae) was analysed. The results indicate, first, that neither chromosomal size nor the relation between the length of the chromosomes involved in each fusion are important factors for the determination of the orientation. Second, chiasmata localization, which in turn determines effective inter-centromeric distance, may be central. A high positive correlation between proximal chiasma frequency and non-disjunctional orientation at Prometaphase I and Metaphase I was found. These results are in agreement with the hypothesis that the shorter the inter-centromeric distance the greater is the probability that both centromeres migrate to the same pole. The importance of these results is also discussed in relation to the stability of the polymorphisms in this species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proximal chiasmata induce non-disjunctional orientation of Robertsonian trivalents in a grasshopper

Mirol

Bidau

1992

Heredity

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“…Rockmill and Roeder (1998) have reported that telomere clustering promotes homologue pairing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Telomere clustering, also known as bouquet formation, seems to be a consistent motif of the pairing process of most eukaryotic species (Fussell, 1987;Dernburg et al, 1995). Telomere clustering might support the sort out process of homologues prior to their actual pairing (Therman and Sarto, 1977), but its role in the pairing process is unknown (Loidl, 1990).…”

Section: Atm De®ciency In¯uences Telomere Clusteringmentioning

confidence: 99%

ATM function and telomere stability

2002

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Accumulation of DNA damage has been associated with the onset of senescence and predisposition to cancer. The gene responsible for ataxia telangiectasia (A-T) is ATM (ataxia-telangiectasia mutant), a master controller of cellular pathways and networks, orchestrating the responses to a speci®c type of DNA damage: the double strand break. Based on the homology of the human ATM gene to the TEL1, MEC1 and rad3 genes of yeast, it has now been demonstrated that mutations in ATM lead to defective telomere maintenance in mammalian cells. While ATM has both nuclear and cytoplasmic functions, this review will focus on its roles in telomere metabolism and how ATM and telomeres serve as controllers of cellular responses to DNA damage.

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“…The attachment of telomeres to the nuclear membrane and their clustering together during early meiotic prophase have been postulated to be im-portant for bouquet formation (for review, see von Wettstein et al 1984;Fussell 1987;Loidl 1990;Dernburg et al 1995). Formation of the bouquet may facilitate chromosome pairing by bringing homologous chromosomes into approximate alignment (Fussel 1987;Dernburg et al 1995).…”

Section: A Role For Taml In Homologpairing?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In some organisms, meiotic chromosomes form a bouquet, which results from the attachment of telomeres to the nuclear membrane followed by telomere movements that result in their clustering together on one side of the nuclear membrane (for review, see von Wettstein et al 1984;Fussell 1987;Loidl 1990;Dernburg et al 1995). It has been suggested that bouquet formation facilitates chromosome pairing by bringing homologs into approximate register with each other, thereby reducing a three-dimensional homology search to a twodimensional search (Fussell 1987;Dernburg et al 1995). The timing of bouquet formation is consistent with a role for the bouquet in promoting the initiation of synapsis (Dawe et al 1994;Scherthan et al 1996;Bass et al 1997).…”

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confidence: 99%

Tam1, a telomere-associated meiotic protein, functions in chromosome synapsis and crossover interference.

Chua¹,

Roeder²

1997

Genes Dev.

159

198

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The TAM1 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is expressed specifically during meiosis and encodes a protein that localizes to the ends of meiotic chromosomes. In a taml null mutant, there is an increase in the frequency of chromosomes that fail to recombine and an associated increase in homolog nondisjunction at meiosis I. The taml mutant also displays an increased frequency of precocious separation of sister chromatids and a reduced efficiency of distributive disjunction. The defect in distributive disjunction may be attributable to overloading of the distributive system by the increased number of nonrecombinant chromosomes. Recombination is not impaired in the taml mutant, but crossover interference is reduced substantially. In addition, chromosome synapsis is delayed in taml strains. The combination of a defect in synapsis and a reduction in interference is consistent with previous studies suggesting a role for the synaptonemal complex in regulating crossover distribution, taml is the only known yeast mutant in which the control of crossover distribution is impaired, but the frequency of crossing over is unaffected. We discuss here possibilities for how a telomere-associated protein might function in chromosome synapsis and crossover interference. During meiosis, a single round of DNA duplication is followed by two successive nuclear divisions to generate four haploid progeny from a single diploid cell. The meiosis II division resembles mitotic chromosome segregation , but the meiosis I division is unique in that homologous chromosomes disjoin from each other. A complex series of events unique to prophase of meiosis I ensures that homologs segregate reductionally at the first division. One important aspect of meiotic prophase is a high rate of recombination between homologous chromosomes. Crossing over establishes chiasmata, which are physical connections between homologous chromosomes that persist until metaphase. Chiasmata ensure the proper orientation of chromosomes on the meiosis I spindle and therefore promote reductional chromosome segregation (for review, see Carpenter 1994). The distribution of crossovers, and the chiasmata to which they give rise, is nonrandom in two respects. First, two cross-overs rarely occur closely together-a phenomenon known as crossover interference. Second, every chromosome pair (no matter how small) almost always sustains at least one crossover-referred to as obligate chiasma. A number of studies suggest that crossover interference and obligate chiasma are different manifestations of the 1Corresponding author. E-MAIL: shirleen.roeder@yale.edu; FAX (203) 432-3263. same underlying mechanism (Jones 1967; Kaback et al.

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The Rabl Orientation: A Prelude to Synapsis

Cited by 58 publications

References 89 publications

Proximal chiasmata induce non-disjunctional orientation of Robertsonian trivalents in a grasshopper

Proximal chiasmata induce non-disjunctional orientation of Robertsonian trivalents in a grasshopper

ATM function and telomere stability

Tam1, a telomere-associated meiotic protein, functions in chromosome synapsis and crossover interference.

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