The Rad27 (Fen-1) Nuclease Inhibits Ty1 Mobility in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>

Sundararajan, Anuradha; Lee, Bum-Soo; Garfinkel, David

doi:10.1093/genetics/163.1.55

Cited by 34 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…While all 51 u3dr mutants were previously found to affect Ty1his3AI retromobility, six of the 51 (12%) had the opposite effect on CEN-Ty1his3AI retromobility as that reported previously (Sundararajan et al, 2003;Nyswaner et al, 2008;Dakshinamurthy et al, 2010). Deletion of ARG4, CKB2, RAD27 or YLR282C resulted in hypermobility of a chromosomal Ty1his3AI element in previous studies, but had decreased retromobility of the CEN-Ty1his3AI element; similarly, pap2Δ and ssk1Δ had reduced levels of chromosomal Ty1his3AI retromobility in a previous study but had substantially increased retromobility of the CEN-Ty1his3AI element (Supplementary Table 2; Supplementary Data Sheet 2).…”

Section: Identification Of U3-dependent Regulatory Genessupporting

confidence: 65%

“…Three genes were U3 architecturedependent (ARG4, YLR282C, SSK1) and the other three were U3 low activity-dependent (RAD27, CKB2 and PAP2). Of the latter three, only deletion of RAD27 caused the opposite phenotype for P PSP2 -Ty1his3AI retromobility to that anticipated based on previous findings (Plate 10, Supplementary Data Sheet 3) (Sundararajan et al, 2003). The molecular mechanisms underlying these conditional phenotypes are not understood, but they are likely varied and may influence Ty1 element stability, expression and retromobility.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…The molecular mechanisms underlying these conditional phenotypes are not understood, but they are likely varied and may influence Ty1 element stability, expression and retromobility. The role of one of these genes, RAD27 in restricting retromobility lends some possible insight into one of these phenomena (Sundararajan et al, 2003). RAD27 encodes a multifunctional exonuclease and flap endonuclease involved in DNA replication and repair and genome stability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…RAD27 encodes a multifunctional exonuclease and flap endonuclease involved in DNA replication and repair and genome stability. In a rad27 null mutant, spontaneous recombination is increased (Tishkoff et al, 1997;Debrauwère et al, 2001); moreover, Ty1 gRNA and Ty1his3AI gRNA levels are modestly elevated, Ty1 cDNA accumulates, cDNA multimers form, and both elevated Ty1 cDNA recombination and cDNA integration likely account for the observed increase in Ty1his3AI retromobility (Sundararajan et al, 2003). Thus, the conditional retromobility phenotypes of a rad27Δ mutant may be related to changes in Ty1 cDNA levels or fate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Retromobility host factors that were identified in a screen employing a GAL1 promoter-driven Ty1 element were excluded from our study, since by definition, these host factors do not require the Ty1 promoter to control retromobility (Griffith et al, 2003). Like Med3 and Med15, many of the RHFs and RTTs identified in the four Ty1his3AI screens impact Ty1 cDNA levels without substantially altering levels of Ty1 RNA or its primary translation product, Gag (Lee et al, 1998;Rattray et al, 2000;Scholes et al, 2003;Sundararajan et al, 2003;Curcio et al, 2007;Dutko et al, 2010;Risler et al, 2012;Salinero et al, 2018). To increase the likelihood of identifying U3-dependent regulators, we excluded rtt and rhf mutants that were reported to have no change in cDNA levels, since these mutations are more likely to affect Ty1 cDNA utilization than a potentially promoterdependent step such as transcription or RNA fate.…”

Section: Screen Of Rhf and Rtt Genes For U3-independence Of Retromobi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reliance of Host-Encoded Regulators of Retromobility on Ty1 Promoter Activity or Architecture

Salinero

Emerson

Cormier

et al. 2022

Front. Mol. Biosci.

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The Ty1 retrotransposon family is maintained in a functional but dormant state by its host, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Several hundred RHF and RTT genes encoding co-factors and restrictors of Ty1 retromobility, respectively, have been identified. Well-characterized examples include MED3 and MED15, encoding subunits of the Mediator transcriptional co-activator complex; control of retromobility by Med3 and Med15 requires the Ty1 promoter in the U3 region of the long terminal repeat. To characterize the U3-dependence of other Ty1 regulators, we screened a library of 188 known rhf and rtt mutants for altered retromobility of Ty1his3AI expressed from the strong, TATA-less TEF1 promoter or the weak, TATA-containing U3 promoter. Two classes of genes, each including both RHFs and RTTs, were identified. The first class comprising 82 genes that regulated Ty1his3AI retromobility independently of U3 is enriched for RHF genes that restrict the G1 phase of the cell cycle and those involved in transcriptional elongation and mRNA catabolism. The second class of 51 genes regulated retromobility of Ty1his3AI driven only from the U3 promoter. Nineteen U3-dependent regulators (U3DRs) also controlled retromobility of Ty1his3AI driven by the weak, TATA-less PSP2 promoter, suggesting reliance on the low activity of U3. Thirty-one U3DRs failed to modulate PPSP2-Ty1his3AI retromobility, suggesting dependence on the architecture of U3. To further investigate the U3-dependency of Ty1 regulators, we developed a novel fluorescence-based assay to monitor expression of p22-Gag, a restriction factor expressed from the internal Ty1i promoter. Many U3DRs had minimal effects on levels of Ty1 RNA, Ty1i RNA or p22-Gag. These findings uncover a role for the Ty1 promoter in integrating signals from diverse host factors to modulate Ty1 RNA biogenesis or fate.

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Section: Identification Of U3-dependent Regulatory Genessupporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Screen Of Rhf and Rtt Genes For U3-independence Of Retromobi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Reliance of Host-Encoded Regulators of Retromobility on Ty1 Promoter Activity or Architecture

Salinero

Emerson

Cormier

et al. 2022

Front. Mol. Biosci.

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Impact of ionizing radiation on the life cycle of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ty1 retrotransposon

Sacerdot

Mercier

Todeschini

et al. 2005

Yeast

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Ty1 elements, LTR-retrotransposons of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, are known to be activated by genetic and environmental stress. Several DNA-damaging agents have been shown to increase both Ty1 transcription and retrotransposition. To explore further the relationship between Ty1 mobility and DNA damage, we have studied the impact of ionizing radiation at different steps of the Ty1 life cycle. We have shown that Ty1 transposition is strongly activated by γ -irradiation and we have analysed its effect on Ty1 transcription, TyA1 protein and Ty1 cDNA levels. The activation of transposition rises with increasing doses of γ -rays and is stronger for Ty1 elements than for the related Ty2 elements. Ty1 RNA levels are markedly elevated upon irradiation; however, no significant increase of TyA1 protein was detected as measured by TYA1-lacZ fusions and by Western blot. A moderate increase in Ty1 cDNA levels was also observed, indicating that ionizing radiation can induce the synthesis of Ty1 cDNA. In diploid cells and ste12 mutants, where both Ty1 transcription and transposition are repressed, γ -irradiation is able to activate Ty1 transposition and increases Ty1 RNA levels. These results suggest the existence of a specific regulatory pathway involved in Ty1 response to the γ -irradiation that would be independent of Ste12 and mating-type factors. Our findings also indicate that ionizing radiation acts on several steps of the Ty1 life cycle.

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Current awareness on yeast

2003

Yeast

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The status of ambient temperature sodium ion batteries is reviewed in light of recent developments in anode, electrolyte and cathode materials. These devices, although early in their stage of development, are promising for large‐scale grid storage applications due to the abundance and very low cost of sodium‐containing precursors used to make the components. The engineering knowledge developed recently for highly successful Li ion batteries can be leveraged to ensure rapid progress in this area, although different electrode materials and electrolytes will be required for dual intercalation systems based on sodium. In particular, new anode materials need to be identified, since the graphite anode, commonly used in lithium systems, does not intercalate sodium to any appreciable extent. A wider array of choices is available for cathodes, including high performance layered transition metal oxides and polyanionic compounds. Recent developments in electrodes are encouraging, but a great deal of research is necessary, particularly in new electrolytes, and the understanding of the SEI films. The engineering modeling calculations of Na‐ion battery energy density indicate that 210 Wh kg−1 in gravimetric energy is possible for Na‐ion batteries compared to existing Li‐ion technology if a cathode capacity of 200 mAh g−1 and a 500 mAh g−1 anode can be discovered with an average cell potential of 3.3 V.

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The Rad27 (Fen-1) Nuclease Inhibits Ty1 Mobility in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Cited by 34 publications

References 65 publications

Reliance of Host-Encoded Regulators of Retromobility on Ty1 Promoter Activity or Architecture

Reliance of Host-Encoded Regulators of Retromobility on Ty1 Promoter Activity or Architecture

Impact of ionizing radiation on the life cycle of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ty1 retrotransposon

Current awareness on yeast

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