The Radiosensitizing Effect of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles in Sub-Cytotoxic Dosing Is Associated with Oxidative Stress In Vitro

Meyer, Tyler; Scherzad, Agmal; Moratin, Helena; Gehrke, Thomas; Killisperger, Julian; Hagen, Rudolf; Wohlleben, Gisela; Polat, Bülent; Dembski, Sofia; Kleinsasser, Norbert; Hackenberg, Stephan

doi:10.3390/ma12244062

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…An example is the study of Meyer et al, where authors evaluated the cytotoxicity of zinc oxide NPs W/O irradiation on cancer cells and primary fibroblasts, highlighting the radiosensitizing properties of NPs only in cancer cells, perhaps related to the increased oxidative stress and cell cycle arrest caused by the addition of the NPs. However, the exact mechanism of action has still to be elucidated [ 42 ].…”

Section: Np-assisted Radiation Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Remotely Activated Nanoparticles for Anticancer Therapy

Racca

Cauda

2020

Nano-Micro Lett.

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Cancer has nowadays become one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Conventional anticancer approaches are associated with different limitations. Therefore, innovative methodologies are being investigated, and several researchers propose the use of remotely activated nanoparticles to trigger cancer cell death. The idea is to conjugate two different components, i.e., an external physical input and nanoparticles. Both are given in a harmless dose that once combined together act synergistically to therapeutically treat the cell or tissue of interest, thus also limiting the negative outcomes for the surrounding tissues. Tuning both the properties of the nanomaterial and the involved triggering stimulus, it is possible furthermore to achieve not only a therapeutic effect, but also a powerful platform for imaging at the same time, obtaining a nano-theranostic application. In the present review, we highlight the role of nanoparticles as therapeutic or theranostic tools, thus excluding the cases where a molecular drug is activated. We thus present many examples where the highly cytotoxic power only derives from the active interaction between different physical inputs and nanoparticles. We perform a special focus on mechanical waves responding nanoparticles, in which remotely activated nanoparticles directly become therapeutic agents without the need of the administration of chemotherapeutics or sonosensitizing drugs.

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Section: Np-assisted Radiation Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Remotely Activated Nanoparticles for Anticancer Therapy

Racca

Cauda

2020

Nano-Micro Lett.

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“…GBM is one of the most common malignant tumors of the central nervous system in adults [52] with the worst prognosis and is a good candidate for treatment with protons to increase the dose in the target volume while protecting organs at risk (OAR) and maintaining cognitive functions [53]. Regarding the cytotoxic effect of nanoparticles, they can be dissolved, producing ion release in the cell culture medium [23,24,46,54,55], or they can act as Trojan horses to produce intracellular release of these ions after cellular uptake, inducing cytotoxicity by oxidative stress and inflammatory signals [43,46,54,56]. The cytotoxicity of metal oxide nanoparticles is generally evaluated based on cell viability, cell membrane damage, oxidative stress, and DNA damage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The increased surface-to-volume ratio and reactivity of nanomaterials facilitate their use in diagnostics, therapeutics, drug delivery systems, electronics, cosmetics, personal care products, and food additives because of their magnetic, catalytic, semiconducting, antimicrobial, and ultraviolet-protective properties, which are size dependent [23]. Nanoparticles (NPs) are defined by a particle size of less than 100 nm [24,25]. Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) have been extensively used as imaging probes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zinc-Doped Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as a Proton-Activatable Agent for Dose Range Verification in Proton Therapy

Ibáñez-Moragues,

Fernández-Barahona,

Santacruz

et al. 2023

Molecules

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Proton therapy allows the treatment of specific areas and avoids the surrounding tissues. However, this technique has uncertainties in terms of the distal dose fall-off. A promising approach to studying the proton range is the use of nanoparticles as proton-activatable agents that produce detectable signals. For this, we developed an iron oxide nanoparticle doped with Zn (IONP@Zn-cit) with a hydrodynamic size of 10 nm and stability in serum. Cytotoxicity, defined as half of the surveillance, was 100 μg Zn/mL in the U251 cell line. The effect on clonogenic cell death was tested after X-ray irradiation, which suggested a radioprotective effect of these nanoparticles at low concentrations (1–10 μg Zn/mL). To evaluate the production of positron emitters and prompt-gamma signals, IONP@Zn-cit was irradiated with protons, obtaining prompt-gamma signals at the lowest measured concentration (10 mg Zn/mL). Finally, 67Ga-IONP@Zn-cit showed accumulation in the liver and spleen and an accumulation in the tumor tissue of 0.95% ID/g in a mouse model of U251 cells. These results suggest the possibility of using Zn nanoparticles as proton-activatable agents to verify the range by prompt gamma detection and face the challenges of prompt gamma detection in a specific biological situation, opening different avenues to go forward in this field.

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“…• Discussed cytotoxic effects of ZnO: dissolution of Zn ++ in acidic conditions; eh + pair production even in [188][189][190][191] the dark leading to surface ROS production…”

Section: Photonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospects of Nanoparticle-based Radioenhancement for Radiotherapy

Gerken

Gerdes

Pruschy

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Radiotherapy is a key pillar of solid cancer treatment. Despite high level of conformal dose deposition, radiotherapy is limited due to co-irradiation of organs-at risk and subsequent normal tissue toxicities. Nanotechnology offers an attractive opportunity for increasing the efficacy and safety of cancer radiotherapy. Leveraging the freedom of design and the growing synthetic capabilities of the nanomaterial-community, a variety of engineered nanomaterials have been designed and investigated as radiosensitizers or radioenhancers. While research so far has been primarily focused on gold nanoparticles and other high atomic number materials to increase the absorption cross section of tumor tissue, recent studies are challenging the traditional concept of high-Z nanoparticle radioenhancers and highlight the importance of catalytic activity. This review provides a concise overview on the fundamental knowledge of nanoparticle radioenhancement mechanisms and their quantification. It critically discusses potential radioenhancer candidate materials and general design criteria for different radiation therapy modalities, and concludes with research priorities in order to advance the development of nanomaterials, to enhance the efficacy of radiotherapy and to increase at the same time the therapeutic window.

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The Radiosensitizing Effect of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles in Sub-Cytotoxic Dosing Is Associated with Oxidative Stress In Vitro

Cited by 9 publications

References 43 publications

Remotely Activated Nanoparticles for Anticancer Therapy

Remotely Activated Nanoparticles for Anticancer Therapy

Zinc-Doped Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as a Proton-Activatable Agent for Dose Range Verification in Proton Therapy

Prospects of Nanoparticle-based Radioenhancement for Radiotherapy

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