The rapid onset of tolerance to ataxic effects of ethanol in mice

Gallaher, Edward J.; Parsons, Linda M.; Goldstein, Dora B.

doi:10.1007/bf00470591

Cited by 67 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…We used a modification of the method of Gallaher et al (1982). When a mouse passed its first recovery test, a peri-orbital blood sample was taken, and a "booster" injection of 0.5 g/kg i.p.…”

Section: Acute Functional Tolerance Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Novel Method to Assess Initial Sensitivity and Acute Functional Tolerance to Hypnotic Effects of Ethanol

Ponomarev¹,

Crabbe²

2002

J Pharmacol Exp Ther

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Loss of righting reflex (LRR) has traditionally been used to estimate hypnotic sensitivity to ethanol in rodents. Traditional methods of monitoring ethanol-induced sedation seems to lack accuracy in estimating blood ethanol concentration (BEC) at initial LRR, a measure of initial sensitivity. Herein, we present a novel method that improves detection of the onset of LRR by using a new apparatus and a loss-of-function criterion of 5 s. DBA/2J and C57BL/6J mice were placed in cylindrical restrainers after injection of 3 g/kg (20% v/v) ethanol. Restrainers were then turned until mice were no longer able to right themselves within 5 s from a position on their back, which represented the endpoint of the initial loss of righting reflex. Initial sensitivity and acute functional tolerance (AFT) to ethanol were assessed in the same group of mice by quantifying BEC at the initial loss and subsequent recoveries of righting reflex over four sequential injections [3 g/kg ϩ (3 ϫ 0.5 g/kg)]. Initial brain sensitivity was calculated from BEC at the first LRR, using the parameters of ethanol uptake kinetics. These values of initial sensitivity were similar for the two strains. On the other hand, DBA/2J mice recovered at higher BEC than C57BL/6J animals. AFT calculated as a difference between the maximum BEC at any recovery and the value of initial sensitivity was greater in DBA/2J mice. These results show that the novel method is a sensitive tool for the measurement of initial sensitivity and detection of AFT to the hypnotic effects of ethanol.

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Section: Acute Functional Tolerance Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After estimating initial sensitivity, we used a modification of a serial recovery method previously described by Gallaher et al (1982). BEC was repeatedly measured to monitor development of acute functional tolerance in the same groups of mice.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Method to Assess Initial Sensitivity and Acute Functional Tolerance to Hypnotic Effects of Ethanol

Ponomarev¹,

Crabbe²

2002

J Pharmacol Exp Ther

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“…However, to separately assess whether locomotor sensitization and acute tolerance to the ataxic effects of ethanol are related in HAP and LAP mice, we used a static dowel procedure as a measure of ethanol-induced ataxia. The procedure used was a two-injection assessment of tolerance development, identical to that used in the development of high and low acute functional tolerance (HAFT and LAFT) selected lines of mice (Erwin and Deitrich 1996), and initially used by Gallaher et al (1982) for assessment of AFT. Therefore, the present studies assessed development of rapid tolerance (using locomotor activity measurement) and AFT (using the static dowel measure).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethanol locomotor sensitization, but not tolerance correlates with selection for alcohol preference in high- and low-alcohol preferring mice

Grahame¹,

Rodd-Henricks²,

et al. 2000

Psychopharmacology

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“…The first characterized, tolerance, is defined as a decrease in the sensitivity to EtOH effects at a constant dose or as a need to raise the dose to maintain the same level of response. Tolerance develops to various EtOH-induced depressant effects such as hypothermia [1], ataxia [2] and sedation [3]. EtOH tolerance occurs within a single exposure (acute tolerance; [4]), between two injections (rapid tolerance; [5]) or after repeated administrations or chronic exposure (chronic tolerance; [6]) and persists for several weeks [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitization to the Stimulant Motor Effects of Ethanol Is Not Dependent On Tolerance to Ataxic or Sedative Properties of Ethanol in Female Mice

Legastelois¹

2015

J Alcohol Drug Depend

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Ethanol (EtOH)-induced behavioral sensitization (EIBS) is defined as an enhancement of locomotor activity following repeated EtOH exposure and is proposed to reflect an increase in EtOH "wanting". However, the reliability of the sensitization model in studying addiction is still a matter of debate. One major criticism is that the increase in locomotion occurring during sensitization may be a by-product of tolerance to the ataxic and/or sedative effects of EtOH.We investigated the relationship between EIBS amplitude and sensitivity to EtOH-induced ataxia and sedation after the development of tolerance to EtOH depressant effects in adult female DBA/2J mice. After receiving daily injection of saline or 2 g/kg EtOH during 10 consecutive days to induce EIBS, recovery from acute motor incoordination produced by ethanol (2 g/kg EtOH using rotarod) and from loss of righting reflex (4 g/kg EtOH) was measured.We showed that induction of EtOH sensitization after repeated administration of EtOH is associated with a more rapid recovery from acute motor incoordination and from sedation produced by ethanol when compared to the acute groups, suggesting the development of tolerance to the ataxic and sedative effects of EtOH. However, correlational analyses failed to detect any relationship between EIBS amplitude and the response to EtOH ataxic or sedative effects.Altogether, our results confirm and extend previous data showing a tolerance to the ataxic and sedative properties of EtOH after repeated exposure to EtOH and suggest that this tolerance is not related to the amplitude of EIBS.

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The rapid onset of tolerance to ataxic effects of ethanol in mice

Cited by 67 publications

References 10 publications

A Novel Method to Assess Initial Sensitivity and Acute Functional Tolerance to Hypnotic Effects of Ethanol

A Novel Method to Assess Initial Sensitivity and Acute Functional Tolerance to Hypnotic Effects of Ethanol

Ethanol locomotor sensitization, but not tolerance correlates with selection for alcohol preference in high- and low-alcohol preferring mice

Sensitization to the Stimulant Motor Effects of Ethanol Is Not Dependent On Tolerance to Ataxic or Sedative Properties of Ethanol in Female Mice

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