The Rarity of Very Red Trans-Neptunian Objects in the Scattered Disk

Ali-Dib, Mohamad; Marsset, Michaël; Wong, Wing Cheung; Dbouk, Rola

doi:10.3847/1538-3881/abf6ca

Cited by 5 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…They only investigated an inner neutral/outer red primordial disk due to the predominantly neutral-colored surfaces of Neptune's Trojans and proposed a color transition position between 30 and 40 au. Similarly, Ali-Dib et al (2021) used N-body simulations to find an inner neutral/outer red disk with a color transition between ∼38 and 42 au based on the lack of red surface KBOs at higher eccentricities. Both of these works found that the inner neutral/outer red disk is consistent with the modern-day Kuiper Belt colors, in agreement with our findings.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our chosen dynamical model has a truncated initial disk at 30 au, and our analyzed sample of Col-OSSOS colors was unable to rule out this scenario. Recent works have explored dynamical models with a low-mass disk extension beyond 30 au (e.g., Nesvorný et al 2020;Ali-Dib et al 2021). In the case of the inner neutral/outer red disk, the most probable color transition may have been pushed out further than 28 au if we had used a dynamical model with an extended disk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neptune's Trojans, believed to have been captured onto Neptune's orbit during Neptune's migration, have predominantly neutral-colored surfaces (Parker et al 2013;Jewitt 2018). Additionally, the higher inclinations and eccentricities of neutral-colored objects (Marsset et al 2019;Ali-Dib et al 2021) suggest that they formed closer to the planetary region. This inner neutral/outer red disk is similar to the work of Nesvorný et al (2020) and Ali-Dib et al (2021), where alternative dynamical models of the Kuiper Belt throughout Neptune's migration were used to investigate KBO surface colors.…”

Section: Color Transitions In the Kuiper Beltmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, the higher inclinations and eccentricities of neutral-colored objects (Marsset et al 2019;Ali-Dib et al 2021) suggest that they formed closer to the planetary region. This inner neutral/outer red disk is similar to the work of Nesvorný et al (2020) and Ali-Dib et al (2021), where alternative dynamical models of the Kuiper Belt throughout Neptune's migration were used to investigate KBO surface colors. In this inner neutral/outer red, if the color transition were far enough out in the disk, it could potentially still support the origin scenario for the blue binaries.…”

Section: Color Transitions In the Kuiper Beltmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Col-OSSOS: Probing Ice Line/Color Transitions within the Kuiper Belt’s Progenitor Populations

Buchanan¹,

Schwamb²,

Fraser³

et al. 2022

Planet. Sci. J.

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Dynamically excited objects within the Kuiper Belt show a bimodal distribution in their surface colors, and these differing surface colors may be a tracer of where these objects formed. In this work, we explore radial color distributions in the primordial planetesimal disk and implications for the positions of ice line/color transitions within the Kuiper Belt’s progenitor populations. We combine a full dynamical model of the Kuiper Belt’s evolution due to Neptune’s migration with precise surface colors measured by the Colours of the Outer Solar System Origins Survey in order to examine the true color ratios within the Kuiper Belt and the ice lines within the primordial disk. We investigate the position of a dominant, surface color–changing ice line, with two possible surface color layouts within the initial disk: (1) inner neutral surfaces and outer red and (2) inner red surfaces and outer neutral. We performed simulations with a primordial disk that truncates at 30 au. By radially stepping the color transition out through 0.5 au intervals, we show that both disk configurations are consistent with the observed color fraction. For an inner neutral, outer red primordial disk, we find that the color transition can be at 28 − 3 + 2 au at a 95% confidence level. For an inner red, outer neutral primordial disk, the color transition can be at 27 − 3 + 3 au at a 95% confidence level.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Color Transitions In the Kuiper Beltmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Color Transitions In the Kuiper Beltmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Col-OSSOS: Probing Ice Line/Color Transitions within the Kuiper Belt’s Progenitor Populations

Buchanan¹,

Schwamb²,

Fraser³

et al. 2022

Planet. Sci. J.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The dynamically cold KBOs at r = 42-45 au are predominantly VR which indicates r * < 42 au. If r * < 30 au, however, the dynamically hot populations such as Plutinos, hot classicals (HCs) and scattered disk objects (SDOs) would presumably have a much larger proportion of VR objects (Nesvorný et al 2020, Ali-Dib et al 2021. This indicates 30 < r * < 42 au.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamical Implantation of Blue Binaries in the Cold Classical Kuiper Belt

Nesvorny,

Vokrouhlicky,

Fraser

2022

Preprint

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Colors and binarity provide important constraints on the Kuiper belt formation. The cold classical objects at radial distance r = 42-47 au from the Sun are predominantly very red (spectral slope s > 17%) and often exist as equal-size binaries (∼ 30% observed binary fraction). This has been taken as evidence for the in-situ formation of cold classicals. Interestingly, a small fraction (∼ 10%) of cold classicals is less red with s < 17%, and these "blue" bodies are often found in wide binaries. Here we study the dynamical implantation of blue binaries from r < 42 au. We find that they can be implanted into the cold classical belt from a wide range of initial radial distances, but the survival of the widest blue binaries -2001 QW322 and 2003 UN284 -implies formation at r > 30 au. This would be consistent with the hypothesized less-red to very-red transition at 30 < r < 40 au. For any reasonable choice of parameters (Neptune's migration history, initial disk profile, etc.), however, our model predicts a predominance of blue singles, rather than blue binaries, which contradicts existing observations. We suggest that wide blue binaries formed in situ at r = 42-47 au and their color reflects early formation in a protoplanetary gas disk. The predominantly VR colors of cold classicals may be related to the production of methanol and other hydrocarbons during the late stages of the disk, when the temperature at 45 au dropped to 20 K and carbon monoxide was hydrogenated.

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Dynamical Implantation of Blue Binaries in the Cold Classical Kuiper Belt

Vokrouhlický¹,

Vokrouhlický²,

Fraser³

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Colors and binarity provide important constraints on the Kuiper Belt formation. The cold classical objects at radial distance r = 42–47 au from the Sun are predominantly very red (spectral slope s > 17%) and often exist as equal-size binaries (∼30% observed binary fraction). This has been taken as evidence for the in situ formation of cold classicals. Interestingly, a small fraction (∼10%) of cold classicals is less red with s < 17%, and these “blue” bodies are often found in wide binaries. Here we study the dynamical implantation of blue binaries from r < 42 au. We find that they can be implanted into the cold classical belt from a wide range of initial radial distances, but the survival of the widest blue binaries—2001 QW322 and 2003 UN284—implies formation at r > 30 au. This would be consistent with the hypothesized less-red to very-red transition at 30 < r < 40 au. For any reasonable choice of parameters (Neptune’s migration history, initial disk profile, etc.), however, our model predicts a predominance of blue singles, rather than blue binaries, which contradicts existing observations. We suggest that wide blue binaries formed in situ at r = 42–47 au and their color reflects early formation in a protoplanetary gas disk. The predominantly VR colors of cold classicals may be related to the production of methanol and other hydrocarbons during the late stages of the disk, when the temperature at 45 au dropped to ≃20 K and carbon monoxide was hydrogenated.

show abstract

The Rarity of Very Red Trans-Neptunian Objects in the Scattered Disk

Cited by 5 publications

References 63 publications

Col-OSSOS: Probing Ice Line/Color Transitions within the Kuiper Belt’s Progenitor Populations

Col-OSSOS: Probing Ice Line/Color Transitions within the Kuiper Belt’s Progenitor Populations

Dynamical Implantation of Blue Binaries in the Cold Classical Kuiper Belt

Dynamical Implantation of Blue Binaries in the Cold Classical Kuiper Belt

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