The rate of extinction in maze-bright and maze-dull rats

Heron, W. T.; Skinner, B. F.

doi:10.1007/bf03393232

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Thus the search for common behavioral properties is not seen as being at odds with attention to individual differences, the study of their origins, or their interactions with experimental variables. One explicit investigation was contributed at an early date by Skinner himself, who collaborated with Heron in a study of extinction in maze-bright and maze-dull rats (Heron & Skinner, 1940). Later, Skinner and Lindsley compared schedulemaintained performances of normal human subjects with those of subjects suffering from varying degrees of psychopathology (Lindsley, 1962).…”

Section: Ethical Questionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Place of the Human Subject in the Operant Laboratory

Baron

Perone

1982

BEHAV ANALYST

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Although laboratory study of human behavior seems an obvious vehicle for strengthening the scientific base of behavior analysis, the place of the human subject within the operant laboratory remains problematic. The prevailing research strategy has been to link principles developed with animals to human affairs, either through interpretation of naturally occurring human behaviors or through application of the principles to the solution of human problems. The paucity of laboratory research on human operant behavior derives from several misconceptions: the possibility that experimental demand characteristics and pre-experimental behavioral dispositions of human subjects contaminate the results; that ethical considerations place undue constraint on research topics and experimental designs; and that uncontrollable variation in subjects' histories and other relevant personal characteristics prevents observation of reliable functional relations. We argue that these problems do not pose insurmountable obstacles to the experimental analysis of human behavior; that adequate methods of control and analysis are available; and that operant techniques, by emphasizing experimentally imposed contingencies, are well suited for the laboratory study of human behavior.Behavior analysis originated in the laboratory and discussions of the research methods developed there naturally emphasized experimental work with animals, usually rats and pigeons (Ferster, 1953;Sidman, 1960;Skinner, 1938). Descriptions of specific apparatuses were accompanied by explanations and justifications of the rationale of the characteristic methods, including free-operant procedures rather than instrumental ones, close experimental control rather than statistical analysis, and extended observations of individual subjects rather than brief study of large numbers of subjects.Subsequently, attention turned toward extending these methods to the analysis of human behavior, in particular the socially important behaviors involved in retardation, crime, mental illness, and education (Baer, Wolfe, & Risley, 1968;Hersen & Barlow, 1976;Sidman, 1962

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Section: Ethical Questionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Place of the Human Subject in the Operant Laboratory

Baron

Perone

1982

BEHAV ANALYST

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“…rochester.edu/wwwrap/behavior/jeab/ jeabhome.htm). In addition, he conducted significant research in various domains and divisions of psychology, for instance, in motivation (e.g., Skinner, 1932a;see Michael, 1993), emotion (Estes & Skinner, 1941a;see Fantino, 1973), social behavior (Skinner, 1962c;see Guerin, 1994), language (Skinner, 1939;see Moerk, 1990), and cognition (e.g., see Donohoe & Palmer, 1994), as well as in behavioral pharmacology (Skinner & Heron, 1937;see Goldberg & Stolerman, 1986), physiological psychology (e.g., Lambert, Skinner, & Forbes, 1933;see Zigmond, Bloom, Landis, Roberts, & Squire, 1999), and behavioral genetics (Heron & Skinner, 1940;see Schroeder, Oster-Granite, & Thompson, 2002).…”

Section: B F Skinnermentioning

confidence: 99%

Bibliographic processes and products, and a bibliography of the published primary-source works of B. F. Skinner

Morris

Smith

2003

BEHAV ANALYST

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This paper introduces the nature and practice of bibliography (e.g., definition, history, and genres); it reviews the extant B. F Skinner bibliographies (1958 to 2001); and it describes the methods used in constructing a new, comprehensive, and corrected bibliography of Skinner's primary-source published works. The bibliography includes 291 items from across 16 categories of publications (e.g., books, articles, chapters, monographs, book reviews, manuals, encyclopedia entries, letters to the editor) and lists them in chronological order (1930 to 1999). A discussion section addresses the bibliography's limitations, how it might be enlarged and expanded, its value for qualitative and quantitative historical inquiry, and the beginnings of a "Skinner industry."

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“…Skinner also conducted research with Heron on the effects of pharmacological agents and biologically based individual differences (e.g., Heron & Skinner, 1937, 1940. Regarding the latter, he was skeptical again.…”

Section: A Natural History Of Skinner's Coauthoring Practicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A quantitative analysis and natural history of B. F. Skinner’s coauthoring practices

2011

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This paper describes and analyzes B. F. Skinner's coauthoring practices. After identifying his 35 coauthored publications and 27 coauthors, we analyze his coauthored works by their form (e.g., journal articles) and kind (e.g., empirical); identify the journals in which he published and their type (e.g., data-type); describe his overall and local rates of publishing with his coauthors (e.g., noting breaks in the latter); and compare his coauthoring practices with his single-authoring practices (e.g., form, kind, journal type) and with those in the scientometric literature (e.g., majority of coauthored publications are empirical). We address these findings in the context of describing the natural history of Skinner's coauthoring practices. Finally, we describe some limitations in our methods and offer suggestions for future research.

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The rate of extinction in maze-bright and maze-dull rats

Cited by 21 publications

References 2 publications

The Place of the Human Subject in the Operant Laboratory

The Place of the Human Subject in the Operant Laboratory

Bibliographic processes and products, and a bibliography of the published primary-source works of B. F. Skinner

A quantitative analysis and natural history of B. F. Skinner’s coauthoring practices

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