The Rationale for a Composite Index of Social Class and Its Evaluation

Osborn, Albert F.; Morris, Tony C.

doi:10.2307/589500

Cited by 56 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…At 16 yrs of age, the children completed questionnaires which included information on their current personal cigarette consumption. Socioeconomic status was expressed in terms of a derived variable, the "social index", which was calculated at 5 yrs of age and combined information on parental occupation, educational qualifications, and housing and income measures into a variable graded from 1-5 according to increasing social disadvantage [28]. Initially known as the Child Health and Education Survey (CHES), full details of the cohort at birth and 5 yrs of age have been documented previously [29].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospective study of risk factors for early and persistent wheezing in childhood

Lewis¹,

Richards²,

Bynner³

et al. 1995

Eur Respir J

185

120

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P Pr ro os sp pe ec ct ti iv ve e s st tu ud dy y o of f r ri is sk k f fa ac ct to or rs s f fo or r e ea ar rl ly y a an nd d p pe er rs si is st te en nt t w wh he ee ez zi in ng g i in n c ch hi il ld dh ho oo od d The independent determinants of wheezing by 5 yrs of age were male sex, maternal smoking during pregnancy (odds ratio (OR) for 15+ cigarettes·day -1 =1.39; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.22-1.58) and low birthweight (OR for birthweight <2.5 kg=1.26; 95% Cl 1.07-1.50). Of children who had wheezed by 5 yrs of age, 15% reported wheezing in the past 12 months at 16 yrs of age. The persistence of symptoms at 16 yrs of age was independently related to low maternal age (OR for 20 vs 40 yrs of age = 1.96; 95% CI 1.08-3.45) and to high social status (OR for most vs least advantaged=1.95; 95% CI 1.13-3.38).We conclude that low birth weight and maternal smoking in pregnancy are independent risk factors for early childhood wheezing, but in 85% of children with early wheezing it resolves by 16 yrs of age. Persistence of wheeze at 16 yrs of age is related to low maternal age and high socioeconomic status. Therefore, the factors involved in the aetiology of early childhood wheezing may be different from those associated with wheezing which persists into adolescence.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospective study of risk factors for early and persistent wheezing in childhood

Lewis¹,

Richards²,

Bynner³

et al. 1995

Eur Respir J

185

120

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…These will include the participants' socialization experiences and educational background, although precisely which variables will need to be taken into account may in practice be far from clear. In short, social class might be simply a proxy for any of a wide variety of sociocultural factors that are beyond experimental control (Osborn and Morris, 1979).…”

Section: Methodological Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socio-economic status, social class and memory performance: a critical response to Herrmann and Guadagno (1997)

Richardson¹

1998

Appl. Cognit. Psychol.

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Herrmann and Guadagno (1997) reviewed evidence concerning the relationship between memory performance and socio‐economic status (SES). As a measure of social stratification, SES is narrow and ethnocentric, and it ignores the role of social prestige, power and status. The selection of research for quantitative analysis and the measure of effect size used by Herrmann and Guadagno are criticized. Across the available corpus of studies, there is a highly significant relationship between SES and memory performance, but this varies systematically from one task to another and between different research studies using the same task. This indicates that the effects of SES on memory are mediated by the content and the context of learning. Copyright © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…No significant associations were found between the social status of our families, assessed retrospectively by the Composite Index of Social Class (Osborn & Morris, 1979), and any of the measures of attainment or of behavioral disturbance. This remained so irrespective of whether social status was assessed at the start of the study, when the children were 12 months old (Pearson correlations ranged from .16 to -.23, all ns, p > .05), or at the end of the study, when they were 9 years of age.…”

Section: Social Statusmentioning

confidence: 75%

Attainment and behavioral disturbance at 9 years: The influence of early and late life stress events

McGlaughlin

Morrissey

Sever

1987

Infant Ment. Health J.

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This paper presents data from a small‐scale longitudinal study that examines the importance of life‐stress events in early and late childhood for later attainment and behavioral disturbance. The study sample consists of 59 children, all of whom when first contacted lived in families with low incomes, of low social status, and little education. Therefore, all of the children can be considered disadvantaged, and the influence of life stress events can be assessed uncontaminated by differences in socio‐economic status. At age 9 years, 21 of these children were assessed as disturbed, whereas 38 were not. The results presented suggest that life stress events in early childhood: (1) are of little importance in explaining variations in the behavior of either group of children; and (2) help to explain variations in the attainment of the disturbed, but not the other children. However, life‐stress events in late childhood are (1) of considerable importance in explaining variations in the behavior of both the disturbed and other children; but (2) of little importance in explaining variations in the attainments of either group of children. The findings are discussed with reference to child, parent, and other factors that may act to protect vulnerable children against life event stress.

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The Rationale for a Composite Index of Social Class and Its Evaluation

Cited by 56 publications

References 1 publication

Prospective study of risk factors for early and persistent wheezing in childhood

Prospective study of risk factors for early and persistent wheezing in childhood

Socio-economic status, social class and memory performance: a critical response to Herrmann and Guadagno (1997)

Attainment and behavioral disturbance at 9 years: The influence of early and late life stress events

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