The Reactions of Cellulose with Amic Acids and Anhydride /Ammonia

3545. The experiments which are claimed to show that zirconium dioxide is ineffective as a flame retardant are less than convincing [4]. No data are given on how much zirconium is incorporated into the fiber as zirconium dioxide. Furthermore, no evidence is presented to show in fact that zirconium dioxide can be formed in the fiber under these conditions. We have performed similar experiments and find, in fact, that very little zirconium is exhausted onto the fiber.6. There is no firm evidence, as distinct from supposition, presented in reference [1] that ZrOF2 is the active flame-retarding agent. A similar comment applies to Dx. Benisek's remarks concerning the mechanism of flame-retardation. ~ , 7. We contend that the question of the compatibility of the flame-retardant treatment with shrink-resist treatments is not clear in the references cited in our paper [2, 5]. Reference is made specifically to the second and third paragraphs, page 39 of reference [5], and to page 38 of reference [2]. Reference [5] clearly refers to inorganic complexes (paragraph 4, column 3, page 36). Further, reference [2] also describes both citrate and fluoride complexes, and the relevant section ' refers generally to I.W.S. Flame-Resist Treatments.Similarly, Figure 1 of reference [5] can hardly be claimed to clarify the situation when the same figure appears in reference [2] and refers to titanium treatments. In addition, a point is made that the situation is clarified in two other publications [6, 7J. Reference [6]-had not appeared when our paper was submitted, and reference [7] was not submitted 'till some months after ours. The problem of compatibility is now however presumably resolved. 8. Our work was primarily concerned with a mild treatment for the flame retardation of multi-colored Jacquards and checks. Dye migration occurred on levelling at high temperatures, and a mild treatment was sought. While we do not disagree with Dr.Benisek that a level treatment can be obtained using 10% HCI (37%) o.w.w. followed by heating between 50-70°C, we believe that the fact that a level, washfast, flame-retardant treatment can be obtained under very mild conditions is of genuine interest. Though we would suggest that many of Dr. Benisek's comments are based on speculation and misinterpretation, we wish to emphasize that our remarks should not be regarded as criticisms of the I.W.S. treatments. We fully endorse the efficacy of the treatments, which have clearly been highly successful, and believe that Dr. Benisek deserves full credit for the achievement;we regard our work merely as a possible useful extension of the I.W.S. treatments.. Literature Cited ' 1.

show abstract

The Reactions of Cellulose with Amic Acids and Anhydride Ammonia

Bowman

Cuculo

1975

Textile Research Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The reactivity of phthalamic add toward primary and secondary hydroxyl groups in ester formation was studied to provide insight into the mechanism of the same esterification involving cellulosic fabrics. The over-all stoichiometry of the amic acid, alcohol reaction and the effect of the dielectric constant of the reaction medium were also examined. Isomeric pairs of low molecular weight primary and secondary alcohols and also methanol were used as models for this study. Reactivity was characterized by determination of yields in the esterification reaction. Conclusions based on the reactions of the model compounds were tested using polymeric alcohols. The mechanistic implications of the results are discussed.

show abstract

scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.

Contact Info

customersupport@researchsolutions.com

10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614

Henderson, NV 89052, USA

This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.

Blog Terms and Conditions API Terms Privacy Policy Contact Cookie Preferences Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information

Made with 💙 for researchers

Part of the Research Solutions Family.

The Reactions of Cellulose with Amic Acids and Anhydride /Ammonia

Cited by 6 publications

References 8 publications

The Reactions of Cellulose with Amic Acids and Anhydride/Aminonia

The Reactions of Cellulose with Amic Acids and Anhydride/Aminonia

N-Methylol-2-Pyrrolidone-5-Carborylic Acid, A Convenient Compound for Incorporating. a Carboxyl Group Onto Cellulose

The Reactions of Cellulose with Amic Acids and Anhydride Ammonia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About