“…Recently, the use of biodegradable hydrogels as a continuous drug delivery system to the inner ear has emerged as a promising alternative to multiple injections, offering a longer residence time, reduced risk of infection associated with repeated injections, and prolonged drug effects. ,− To avoid secondary conductive hearing loss resulting from the application of hydrogels in the middle ear, , an ideal middle ear hydrogel should be thermosensitive, allowing it to transition between liquid and semisolid states. The liquid form facilitates injectability into the middle ear and subsequent expulsion via the eustachian tube, while the semisolid form enables prolonged retention in the middle ear, providing sustained drug release. , Poly( dl -lactic acid- co -glycolic acid) (PLGA)–polyethylene glycol (PEG)–PLGA (PLGA-PEG-PLGA), a extensively investigated thermally reversible hydrogel, , offers several advantages such as biodegradability, water solubility, slow-release properties, rapid gel-forming time, and minimal toxicity. , Meanwhile, the biodegradable polymer PLGA has been reported as an ideal carrier for preparing microspheres to achieve controllable drug delivery. The use of PLGA microspheres is crucial for maintaining the activities of proteins or peptides, allowing a single intratympanic injection of the P-G hydrogel to exhibit sustained release. , …”