The Recent Applications of PLGA-Based Nanostructures for Ischemic Stroke

Abstract

With the accelerated development of nanotechnology in recent years, nanomaterials have become increasingly prevalent in the medical field. The poly (lactic acid–glycolic acid) copolymer (PLGA) is one of the most commonly used biodegradable polymers. It is biocompatible and can be fabricated into various nanostructures, depending on requirements. Ischemic stroke is a common, disabling, and fatal illness that burdens society. There is a need for further improvement in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease. PLGA-based nanostructures can facilitate therapeutic compounds’ passage through the physicochemical barrier. They further provide both sustained and controlled release of therapeutic compounds when loaded with drugs for the treatment of ischemic stroke. The clinical significance and potential of PLGA-based nanostructures can also be seen in their applications in cell transplantation and imaging diagnostics of ischemic stroke. This paper summarizes the synthesis and properties of PLGA and reviews in detail the recent applications of PLGA-based nanostructures for drug delivery, disease therapy, cell transplantation, and the imaging diagnosis of ischemic stroke.

Darunavir Nanoformulation Suppresses HIV Pathogenesis in Macrophages and Improves Drug Delivery to the Brain in Mice

“…Recently, PLGA NPs have been studied and shown remarkable potential for various CNS diseases, such as ischemic stroke [ 41 ], Alzheimer’s disease [ 42 ], glioma [ 43 , 44 ], Parkinson’s disease [ 45 , 46 ], etc. Though a lot of research efforts have been involved in the application of PLGA NPs in drug delivery to CNS, there are limited studies on the application of PLGA NPs in HAND.…”

The Application of Biomaterials for the Vaccine, Treatment, and Detection of SARS-CoV-2

“…In commercial settings, different grades of PLGA can be synthesized by their ratio of lactic acid to glycolic acid, inherent viscosity, and molecular weight, while different physical characteristics of PLGA are available depending on the parameters specific to the synthesis method employed . PLGA is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) . Due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, low toxicity, and controlled bioavailability, PLGA is used in COVID-19 vaccines as an adjuvant and delivery platform .…”

“… 48 PLGA is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 49 Due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, low toxicity, and controlled bioavailability, PLGA is used in COVID-19 vaccines as an adjuvant and delivery platform. 50 Huang et al developed a recombinant SA-E-loaded PLGA nanovaccine that, when administered intramuscularly, demonstrated robust humoral and cellular immunity.…”

Current trends and future perspectives of stroke management through integrating health care team and nanodrug delivery strategy

“…To provide a successful carrier and overcome the shortcoming of crossing the BBB, PLGA copolymer has been extensively investigated to treat and diagnose the ischemic stroke, as can be seen schematically in Figure 5 and Yan et al (2023) . According to the literature, it can be feasibly synthesized into various nano architectures based on the requirements.…”

“…FIGURE 5The effective role of PLGA nanostructure in different therapy pathway for ischemic stroke treatment, Reproduced fromYan et al (2023) with MDPI Copyright.…”