The Recent History of the Extended Family in India

Orenstein, Henry

doi:10.1525/sp.1961.8.4.03a00080

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…For starting dealers, it meant that they could often survive from selling parts of their or their family's private collection or use family money generated by other businesses. Due to this "Indian familism" (Orenstein 1961), starting galleries could at least to some extent be sheltered from market forces. As a result, for some of our respondents, the commercial sustainability of their gallery did not seem to be a primary concern.…”

Section: Indiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Manikutty 2000;D'cruz and Bharat 2001;Patel 2005). The persistence of extended families or "Indian familism" (Orenstein 1961) does not cease with industrialization and urbanization (Owens 1971;Conklin 1988) and continues to be important in the beginning of the twentyfirst century among those working within the art market. For instance, it is still common in India for more than one generation to live together and/or to have joint budgets or businesses (HarrissWhite 2003).…”

Section: Indiamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Local contexts as activation mechanisms of market development: contemporary art in emerging markets

Komarova

Velthuis

2017

Consumption Markets & Culture

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Local contexts as activation mechanisms of market development: contemporary art in emerging markets Komarova, N.; Velthuis, O.J.M. General rightsIt is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulationsIf you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: http://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. The paper studies how local contexts contribute to the emergence of markets. In particular, it explains how potential entrepreneurs are motivated to become active in establishing new markets. Empirically, the focus is on contemporary art markets in two emerging countries: India and Russia. The paper draws upon qualitative interviews with 65 contemporary art dealers conducted in New Delhi, Mumbai, Moscow and Saint Petersburg. We show how different socio-cultural contexts function as activation mechanisms: in India, family backgrounds predominantly structure the decision-making processes, among others through the economic, social and cultural capital which these families provide. In Russia, by contrast, such family background is non-existent. Instead, the socio-economic turmoil of 1990s and 2000s as well as the strong involvement of the state function as activation mechanisms. We suggest that these different activation mechanisms contribute to explaining the diverging market performance in both countries.

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Section: Indiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Indiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Local contexts as activation mechanisms of market development: contemporary art in emerging markets

Komarova

Velthuis

2017

Consumption Markets & Culture

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“…Industrialism emphasizes achievement over birth (ascription), reversing the traditional pattern, and thereby lessening the individual's dependence on h i s family (though by no means totally destroying this dependence)." Although extended families may survive the early stages of industrialization, as in Japan (Johnson, 1960) and India (Orenstein, 1961), such survivals would appear to be examples of cultural lag. That is, they may be attributed to the fact that what Goode calls the "requirements" of an industrial economy are not yet operative in J a p a and India.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

DIVISION OF ANTHROPOLOGY: THE EMERGENCE OF NEOLOCAL RESIDENCE*

Ember

1967

Trans NY Acad Sci

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“…If you have a better ratio of adults to children in the home, than an adult vocabulary predominates rather than a child vocabulary. Family size fell in the last century throughout the country (Orenstein, 1961). Formal schooling is extremely important.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Educated Better in Cognition than Their Ancestors? An Indian Flynn Effect Study

et al. 2014

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Flynn Effect (FE) deals with the issue of how the general scores of a population change over time. The existing cognitive test was developed in 1976 and since then there have been a lot of modernization and technological changes in the country. Hence, the objective was to study the possible FE with respect to cognition in the country. A sample of 142 people was assessed in 1976 to make norms on Post Graduate Institute-Memory Scale (PGI-MS). To compare these results the present study included 140 consenting subjects in 2013 almost in the forth decade after the first study. PGI-MS is an original and one of the most popular tests of cognition in India, developed by Dwarka Pershad & N.N.Wig. It measures the cognitive ability, even with the illiterate population. Comparison of the age related norms (1976 and 2013) after 37 years shows that there was FE seen in the age group 20-29 years in the domains of attention and concentration (p=0.04), delayed recall (p=0.001) and recognition (p=0.05). 30-39 years age group also shows the evidence of FE in retention for dissimilar pairs i.e. ability for new learning ability (p=0.001). Finally, in the age group of 40-49 years there was FE seen in immediate recall (p=0.0007) and retention for similar pairs i.e. ability for simple memory (p=0.01). Whereas there was no FE seen in ages between 50-69 years i.e. amongst the senior citizens. Results show there is a shift in the cognition to a higher continuum. The conclusions made on the cognitive abilities for persons between 20 to 49 years, on the bases of age old norms, is an underestimate of their present abilities. On the basis of this study it can be inferred that, there is a change in cognitive abilities over generations, as Flynn (2012) stated, human beings are not getting smarter they are just being more modern. Hence, there is a need to revise the available norms of the test, across all the ages and education level, for assessing the cognitive functioning to make them more valid and reliable for clinical and research purposes.

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The Recent History of the Extended Family in India

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Local contexts as activation mechanisms of market development: contemporary art in emerging markets

Local contexts as activation mechanisms of market development: contemporary art in emerging markets

DIVISION OF ANTHROPOLOGY: THE EMERGENCE OF NEOLOCAL RESIDENCE*

Are Educated Better in Cognition than Their Ancestors? An Indian Flynn Effect Study

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