The reconstruction of the mechanisms of problematic authigenic carbonates formation in diagenetic and catagenetic environments associated with the generation/oxidation of hydrocarbons

Krylov, Alexey; Okeangeologia, Angliysky pr. Vnii; Khlystov, O.; Hachikubo, Akihiro; Minami, Hirotsugu; Zemskaya, Т. I.; Logvina, E.; Lomakina, A. V.; Semenov, Petr

doi:10.31951/2658-3518-2020-a-4-928

Cited by 2 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Hachikubo et al (2020) suggest this is due to different generations of gas, some of which are thermogenic in origin with the remainder a secondary microbial gas formed at a lower temperature (below 70°C) (Milkov & Etiope, 2018). In the Kedr‐1 mud volcano, the δ 13 C DIC in the sediments containing authigenic carbonate minerals suggests that in these layers, secondary microbial gas begins to actively mix with carbon dioxide and methane resulting from diagenetic methane generation or anaerobic methanotrophy/alkanotrophy as well as from the destruction of organic matter (Hachikubo et al, 2020; Krylov et al, 2020). The general trend towards 13 С enrichment of DIC in core of Kedr‐1 (Figure 4) corresponds to an increase in the concentrations of bicarbonate ions in pore water and would be associated with methanogenesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fact that authigenic carbonate minerals are confined to sites of hydrocarbon discharge suggests a genetic relationship among methane, carbon, and siderite formation (Callender & Granina, 1992; Krylov, Khlystov, Zemskaya, Minami, Hachikubo, Kida, Shoji, Pogodaeva, et al, 2008; Krylov, Khlystov, Zemskaya, Minami, Hachikubo, Kida, Shoji, Naudts, et al, 2008; Krylov et al, 2010). Based on δ 13 C values previously published for authigenic carbonate minerals, which show a significant enrichment in 13 C (Krylov, Khlystov, Zemskaya, Minami, Hachikubo, Kida, Shoji, Pogodaeva, et al, 2008; Krylov, Khlystov, Zemskaya, Minami, Hachikubo, Kida, Shoji, Naudts, et al, 2008; Krylov et al, 2020), several studies have suggested that authigenic carbonate minerals precipitated during methane production rather than oxidation, where the δ 13 C of the DIC can be very high (Aloisi et al, 2002; Lein, 2004; Reeburgh, 2007). Further geochemical modeling of crystallization has shown that authigenic carbonate minerals in Lake Baikal sediments indeed did form under methanogenic conditions during diagenetic mineralization of organic matter (Krylov, Khlystov, Zemskaya, Minami, Hachikubo, Kida, Shoji, Pogodaeva, et al, 2008; Krylov, Khlystov, Zemskaya, Minami, Hachikubo, Kida, Shoji, Naudts, et al, 2008; Krylov et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on δ 13 C values previously published for authigenic carbonate minerals, which show a significant enrichment in 13 C (Krylov, Khlystov, Zemskaya, Minami, Hachikubo, Kida, Shoji, Pogodaeva, et al, 2008; Krylov, Khlystov, Zemskaya, Minami, Hachikubo, Kida, Shoji, Naudts, et al, 2008; Krylov et al, 2020), several studies have suggested that authigenic carbonate minerals precipitated during methane production rather than oxidation, where the δ 13 C of the DIC can be very high (Aloisi et al, 2002; Lein, 2004; Reeburgh, 2007). Further geochemical modeling of crystallization has shown that authigenic carbonate minerals in Lake Baikal sediments indeed did form under methanogenic conditions during diagenetic mineralization of organic matter (Krylov, Khlystov, Zemskaya, Minami, Hachikubo, Kida, Shoji, Pogodaeva, et al, 2008; Krylov, Khlystov, Zemskaya, Minami, Hachikubo, Kida, Shoji, Naudts, et al, 2008; Krylov et al, 2020). Siderite minerals enriched with the heavy 13 С isotope were previously found in sediments of the Kedr‐1 mud volcano (in the southern basin of Lake Baikal), along with a wide range of δ 13 С‐СО 2 and δ 13 С‐СН 4 in pore water (Hachikubo et al, 2020; Krylov, Hachikubo, Minami, Poort, et al, 2018; Krylov et al, 2020; Minami et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further geochemical modeling of crystallization has shown that authigenic carbonate minerals in Lake Baikal sediments indeed did form under methanogenic conditions during diagenetic mineralization of organic matter (Krylov, Khlystov, Zemskaya, Minami, Hachikubo, Kida, Shoji, Pogodaeva, et al, 2008; Krylov, Khlystov, Zemskaya, Minami, Hachikubo, Kida, Shoji, Naudts, et al, 2008; Krylov et al, 2020). Siderite minerals enriched with the heavy 13 С isotope were previously found in sediments of the Kedr‐1 mud volcano (in the southern basin of Lake Baikal), along with a wide range of δ 13 С‐СО 2 and δ 13 С‐СН 4 in pore water (Hachikubo et al, 2020; Krylov, Hachikubo, Minami, Poort, et al, 2018; Krylov et al, 2020; Minami et al, 2018). The bottom relief of the mud volcano suggested gas flow from deeper sediments, and the methane within the fluid was partially thermogenic in origin with the remainder a secondary microbial gas formed at a lower temperature (below 70°C) (Milkov & Etiope, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microbial diversity and authigenic siderite mediation in sediments surrounding the Kedr‐1 mud volcano, Lake Baikal

Lomakina,

Bukin,

Pogodaeva

et al. 2023

Geobiology

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The gas hydrate‐bearing structure—mud volcano Kedr‐1 (Lake Baikal, southern basin)—is located near the coal‐bearing sediments of the Tankhoy formation of Oligocene–Miocene age and can be an ideal source of gas‐saturated fluid. A significant amount of siderite minerals (FeCO3) were collected from sediments at depths ranging from 0.5 to 327 cm below the lake floor (cmblf). An important feature of these carbonate minerals is the extremely strong enrichment in the heavy 13C isotope, reaching values of +33.3‰ VPDB. The δ13C of the siderite minerals, as well as their morphology and elemental composition, and the δ13CDIC of the co‐existing pore water, differed across layers of the core, which implies at least two generations of siderite formation. Here, we leverage mineralogical and geochemical data with 16S rRNA data from the microbial communities in sediments surrounding layers containing siderite minerals. Statistical data reveal the formation of three clusters of microbial communities based on taxonomical composition, key taxa among bacteria and archaea, and environmental parameters. Diversity and richness estimators decrease with sediment depth, with several similar prevailing clades located at the bottom of the core. Most of the taxa in the deep sediments could be associated with putative metabolisms involving organotrophic fermentation (Bathyarchaeia, Caldatribacteriota, and Chloroflexota). Various groups of methanogens (Methanoregulaceae, Methanosaetaceae, and Methanomassiliicoccales) and methanotrophic (Methanoperedenaceae) archaea are present in the sediment at variable relative abundances throughout the sampled depth. Based on the physicochemical characteristics of the sediment, carbon isotope analysis of carbonate minerals and DIC, and phylogenetic analysis of individual taxa and their metabolic potential, we present several models for subsurface siderite precipitation in Lake Baikal sediments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microbial diversity and authigenic siderite mediation in sediments surrounding the Kedr‐1 mud volcano, Lake Baikal

Lomakina,

Bukin,

Pogodaeva

et al. 2023

Geobiology

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“…Thus, the formation of authigenic carbonates in the bottom sediments of the seas and oceans are considered in the works of Lein [13,14], Astakhova [15,16], Krylov [17,18], Derkachev [19], Kravchishina [10,20], et al The manifestations of authigenic barite mineralization are considered in the works of Astakhova [21], Derkachev [22], et al…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Authigenic Minerals of the Derbent and South Caspian Basins (Caspian Sea): Features of Forms, Distribution and Genesis under Conditions of Hydrogen Sulfide Contamination

2022

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This paper presents the results of complex lithological, mineralogical, and geochemical studies of bottom sediments of deep-water basins of the Caspian Sea (Derbent and South Caspian Basins) in areas contaminated by hydrogen sulfide. In the course of complex studies, numerous manifestations of authigenic mineral formation associated with the stage of early diagenesis have been established. Authigenic minerals belonging to the groups of sulfates (gypsum, barite), chlorides (halite), carbonates (calcite, low Mg-calcite; kutnohorite), and sulfides (framboidal pyrite), as well as their forms and composition, have been identified by a complex of analytical methods (X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS); atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS); coulometric titration (CT)); the nature of their distribution in bottom sediments has been assessed. Carbonates and sulfates are predominant authigenic minerals in the deep-water basins of the Caspian Sea. As a part of the study, differences have been established in the composition and distribution of associations of authigenic minerals in the bottom sediments in the deep-water basins. These are mineral associations characteristic of the uppermost part of the sediments (interval 0–3 cm) and underlying sediments. In the Derbent Basin, in sediments of the interval 3–46 cm, an authigenic association is formed from gypsum, calcite, magnesian calcite, siderite, and framboidal pyrite. An association of such authigenic minerals as gypsum and calcite is formed in sediments of the 0–3 cm interval. In the South Caspian Basin, in sediments of the interval 3–35 cm, an association of such authigenic minerals as gypsum, halite, calcite, magnesian calcite, and framboidal pyrite is formed. The association of such authigenic minerals as gypsum, halite, calcite, magnesian calcite, kutnohorite, and framboidal pyrite is characteristic of sediments of the 0–3 cm interval. We consider the aridity of the climate in the South Caspian region to be the main factor that determines the appearance of such differences in the uppermost layer of sediments of the basins. Judging by the change in the composition of authigenic associations, the aridity of the South Caspian increased sharply by the time of the accumulation of the upper layer of sediments (interval 0–3 cm). Taking into account lithological, mineralogical and geochemical data, the features of the processes of authigenic mineral formation in the deep-water basins of the Caspian Sea under conditions of hydrogen sulfide contamination have been determined. Analysis of the results obtained and published data on the conditions of sedimentation in the Caspian Sea showed that hydrogen sulfide contamination recorded in the bottom layer of the water column of the deep-water basins of the Caspian Sea may affect the formation of authigenic sulfides (framboidal pyrite), sulfates (gypsum), and carbonates (calcite and kutnohorite) associated with the activity of sulfate-reducing bacteria in reducing conditions.

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The reconstruction of the mechanisms of problematic authigenic carbonates formation in diagenetic and catagenetic environments associated with the generation/oxidation of hydrocarbons

Cited by 2 publications

References 6 publications

Microbial diversity and authigenic siderite mediation in sediments surrounding the Kedr‐1 mud volcano, Lake Baikal

Microbial diversity and authigenic siderite mediation in sediments surrounding the Kedr‐1 mud volcano, Lake Baikal

Authigenic Minerals of the Derbent and South Caspian Basins (Caspian Sea): Features of Forms, Distribution and Genesis under Conditions of Hydrogen Sulfide Contamination

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