The Recovered Memory Controversy: A Representative Case Study

Colangelo, James J.

doi:10.1080/10538710802584601

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…This invites the possibility of factors that may impinge on the reliability of traumatic memories. Bias in recall can occur through: repression (Colangelo, 2009), suggestibility of the individual reinforced through practices such as leading questions and hypnosis (Andrews et al, 1999), the need to rationalize the presence of AVH (Schacter, 2001); and, for clinical patients: delusions (Young et al, 2001) and cognitive deteriorations (Driesen et al, 2008). Although these should be kept in mind when examining the veracity of self-reported trauma and AVH, it should also be noted that research indicates a strong tendency to under- instead of over-report abuse in psychiatric patients (Spataro et al, 2004; Fisher et al, 2011).…”

Section: Trauma and Hallucinationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive review of auditory verbal hallucinations: lifetime prevalence, correlates and mechanisms in healthy and clinical individuals

Leede-Smith¹,

Barkus²

2013

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

166

131

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Over the years, the prevalence of auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs) have been documented across the lifespan in varied contexts, and with a range of potential long-term outcomes. Initially the emphasis focused on whether AVHs conferred risk for psychosis. However, recent research has identified significant differences in the presentation and outcomes of AVH in patients compared to those in non-clinical populations. For this reason, it has been suggested that auditory hallucinations are an entity by themselves and not necessarily indicative of transition along the psychosis continuum. This review will examine the presentation of auditory hallucinations across the life span, as well as in various clinical groups. The stages described include childhood, adolescence, adult non-clinical populations, hypnagogic/hypnopompic experiences, high schizotypal traits, schizophrenia, substance induced AVH, AVH in epilepsy, and AVH in the elderly. In children, need for care depends upon whether the child associates the voice with negative beliefs, appraisals and other symptoms of psychosis. This theme appears to carry right through to healthy voice hearers in adulthood, in which a negative impact of the voice usually only exists if the individual has negative experiences as a result of their voice(s). This includes features of the voices such as the negative content, frequency, and emotional valence as well as anxiety and depression, independently or caused by voices presence. It seems possible that the mechanisms which maintain AVH in non-clinical populations are different from those which are behind AVH presentations in psychotic illness. For example, the existence of maladaptive coping strategies in patient populations is one significant difference between clinical and non-clinical groups which is associated with a need for care. Whether or not these mechanisms start out the same and have differential trajectories is not yet evidenced. Future research needs to focus on the comparison of underlying factors and mechanisms that lead to the onset of AVH in both patient and non-clinical populations.

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Section: Trauma and Hallucinationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive review of auditory verbal hallucinations: lifetime prevalence, correlates and mechanisms in healthy and clinical individuals

Leede-Smith¹,

Barkus²

2013

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

166

131

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Researchers must therefore rely on retrospective, adulthood accounts of childhood maltreatment. These designs, however, are vulnerable to contamination from such processes as infantile amnesia (Feldman-Summers & Pope, 1994), depressive reinterpretive biases (Lewinsohn & Rosenbaum, 1987), the need to rationalize mental illness (Schacter, 2001), traumatic amnesia (Freyd, 1994), source confusion (Geraerts & McNally, 2008), and repression (Colangelo, 2009). When the groups under consideration are psychotic and/or highly dissociative, the problem is potentially intensified by clinical factors such as impaired reality testing (Lysaker et al, 2005), cognitive deteriorations (Driesen et al, 2008), and delusion formation (M.…”

Section: Research Evidence For the Dissociative Nature Of Voice Hearingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissociation, trauma, and the role of lived experience: Toward a new conceptualization of voice hearing.

Longden¹,

Madill

Waterman

2012

Psychological Bulletin

195

151

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Voice hearing (VH) is often regarded as pathognomic for schizophrenia. The purpose of this article is to review and integrate historical, clinical, epidemiological, and phenomenological evidence in order to suggest that VH may be more appropriately understood as a dissociative rather than a psychotic phenomenon. First, we discuss the lifetime prevalence of VH in the general population, which is estimated to range between 1% and 16% for adult nonclinical populations and 2% and 41% in healthy adolescent samples. Second, we demonstrate how the ubiquity of VH phenomenology, including variables like voice location, content, and frequency, limits its diagnostic and prognostic utility for differentiating psychotic from trauma-spectrum and nonclinical populations. Finally, we report on the empirical associations between VH, measures of dissociation, and trauma particularly (though not exclusively) childhood sexual abuse. There are 2 main conclusions from this review. First, we argue that available evidence suggests that VH experiences, including those in the context of psychotic disorders, can be most appropriately understood as dissociated or disowned components of the self (or self-other relationships) that result from trauma, loss, or other interpersonal stressors. Second, we provide a rationale for clinicians to use psychotherapeutic methods for integrating life events as precipitating and/or maintaining factors for distressing voices. Potential mechanisms for the relationship between trauma, dissociation, VH, and clinical diagnosis are described, including the relevance of literature from the field of attachment in providing a diathesis for dissociation. Suggestions for future research are also discussed.

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“…Little attention was paid to the possibility that amnesia reports might have reflected ordinary forgetting and/or a failure to encode events. Colangelo (2009), for instance, presented a detailed case of a 23-year-old patient who recovered memories of child sexual abuse during therapy. The author explained this patient’s amnesia report in terms of repression and dissociation but did not consider that it might instead have been an instance of normal forgetting, a failure to properly encode the abuse, or simply a voluntarily decision to not disclose the experience (e.g., because of feeling ashamed).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Critical Review of Case Studies on Dissociative Amnesia

Mangiulli

Otgaar

Jelícic

2021

Clinical Psychological Science

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Dissociative amnesia, defined as an inability to remember important autobiographical experiences, usually of a stressful nature, is a controversial phenomenon. We systematically reviewed 128 case studies of dissociative amnesia reported in 60 articles that appeared in peer-reviewed journals in English over the past 20 years (2000–2020). Our aim was to examine to what extent these cases met core features of dissociative amnesia. All cases were about reports of autobiographical memory loss, but the evidence offered in support of a dissociative amnesia interpretation was often weak and plagued by an ambiguous heterogeneity with respect to nature, etiology, and differential diagnoses of alleged memory loss. Most case studies failed to rule out plausible alternative explanations of dissociative amnesia, such as ordinary forgetting and malingering. We encourage clinicians and researchers to more critically investigate alleged cases of dissociative amnesia and provide criteria for how a dissociative amnesia case ideally would look like.

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The Recovered Memory Controversy: A Representative Case Study

Cited by 14 publications

References 57 publications

A comprehensive review of auditory verbal hallucinations: lifetime prevalence, correlates and mechanisms in healthy and clinical individuals

A comprehensive review of auditory verbal hallucinations: lifetime prevalence, correlates and mechanisms in healthy and clinical individuals

Dissociation, trauma, and the role of lived experience: Toward a new conceptualization of voice hearing.

A Critical Review of Case Studies on Dissociative Amnesia

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