The Recovery of Ammonia and Hydrogen Sulflde from Ground-Level Area Sources Using Dynamic Isolation Flux Chambers: Bench-Scale Studies

Capareda, Sergio C.; Boriack, Cale N.; Mukhtar, Saqib; Mutlu, Atilla; Shaw, B. W.; Lacey, R. E.; Parnell, Calvin B.

doi:10.1080/10473289.2005.10464677

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Mukhtar et al (2003) reported that NH 3 adsorption onto low-density polyethylene (LDPE) tubing was significantly higher than that of Teflon; and that tubing length was not significant in NH 3 adsorption onto Teflon. Capareda et al (2005) reported the same result. It has also been reported that gaseous NH 3 adsorbs to dust particles (Takai et al, 2002;Lee and Zhang, 2006).…”

supporting

confidence: 62%

Assessment of In-Line Dust Filter Type and Condition on Ammonia Adsorption

Zhu¹,

Xin²,

Li³

et al. 2007

Transactions of the ASABE

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Gas analyzers are commonly protected from impurities in air sampling via use of in-line dust filters to ensure operational performance and longevity of the instruments. This is especially true with extended periods of air quality monitoring in dusty environments. Prices for commercially available filters and monitoring needs vary considerably. A question that has often come up but has not received much investigation is how the filter media types (e.g., paper vs. Teflon) and operational conditions (clean vs. dirty) impact the integrity of gaseous concentration measurement. The study reported here was conducted toward addressing this issue. Specifically, the study assessed the magnitude of ammonia (NH3) adsorption for several types of in-line filters and conditions often used or encountered in animal feeding operation air emission studies, namely, Teflon (most expensive), paper (least expensive), and stand-alone automobile fuel filters, being either clean (new) or dustladen. Three nominal NH3 levels (20, 45, or 90 ppm, generated with poultry manure) coupled with two nominal airflow rates (4 vs. 8 L/min or 8 vs. 16 L/min) through the filters were used in the evaluation. The types of dust used in the study included corn starch and broiler-house dust. Simultaneous measurements of NH3 concentrations before and after the tested filter were made with two photoacoustic gas spectrometers. The results revealed that NH3 adsorption was highest for the fuel filter initially but negligible for the Teflon filters. However, after 30 min exposure, relative NH3 adsorption by the filters mostly fell below 1%. The higher flow rate led to significantly lower relative NH3 adsorption for both the fuel and paper filters (P < 0.001) but made no difference for the Teflon filters (P = 0.31 to 0.49). During fresh-air purging of the fuel filters laden with broiler-house dust, NH3 was initially released but diminished after 15 min. The results suggest that when used properly (e.g., proper flow rate), the in-line dust filters tested in this study (fuel, paper, and Teflon) offer viable, performance-based options for air emissions (especially NH3) measurement applications.

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supporting

confidence: 62%

Assessment of In-Line Dust Filter Type and Condition on Ammonia Adsorption

Zhu¹,

Xin²,

Li³

et al. 2007

Transactions of the ASABE

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“…In this study, the protocol proposed by Capareda et al 22,23 was used to determine GHG emissions from GLAS at a dairy in central Texas. The protocol included using a portable GC in the field where multiple flux measurements were made.…”

Section: Brief Ghg Measurement Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining Seasonal Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Ground-Level Area Sources in a Dairy Operation in Central Texas

Borhan

Capareda

Mukhtar

et al. 2011

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from agricultural production operations are recognized as an important air quality issue. A new technique following the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Method TO-14A was used to measure GHG emissions from ground-level area sources (GLAS) in a free-stall dairy operation in central Texas. The objective of this study was to quantify and report GHG emission rates (ERs) from the dairy during the summer and winter using this protocol. A weeklong sampling was performed during each season. A total of 75 and 66 chromatograms of air samples were acquired from six delineated GLAS (loafing pen, walkway, barn, silage pile, settling basin, and lagoon) of the same dairy during summer and winter, respectively. Three primary GHGsmethane (CH 4 ), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), and nitrous oxide (N 2 O)-were identified from the dairy operation during the sampling periods. The estimated overall ERs for CH 4 , CO 2 , and N 2 O during the summer for this dairy were 274, 6005, and 7.96 g head Ϫ1 day Ϫ1 , respectively. During the winter, the estimated overall CH 4 , CO 2 , and N 2 O ERs were 52, 7471, and 3.59 g head Ϫ1 day Ϫ1 , respectively. The overall CH 4 and N 2 O ERs during the summer were approximately 5.3 and 2.2 times higher than those in the winter for the free-stall dairy. These seasonal variations were likely due to fluctuations in ambient temperature, dairy manure loading rates, and manure microbial activity of GLAS. The annualized ERs for CH 4 , CO 2 , and N 2 O for this dairy were estimated to be 181, 6612, and 6.13 g head Ϫ1 day Ϫ1 , respectively. Total GHG emissions calculated for this dairy with 500 cows were 2250 t of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO 2 e) per year.

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“…was connected to the peristaltic pump to inject the reagent solution to the stripping pot. The remaining portion of the liquid sampling system was designed using PFA tubing, renowned for its low coefficient of friction and antistick properties. , The PA cell and sampling lines of the gas sensor, constructed from stainless steel, aid in suppressing external noise and ensuring minimal surface absorption of the gas being investigated …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoacoustic Spectroscopy Using a Quantum Cascade Laser for Analysis of Ammonia in Water Solutions

Apostolakis,

Aoust,

Maisons

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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Ammonia (NH 3 ) toxicity, stemming from nitrification, can adversely affect aquatic life and influence the taste and odor of drinking water. This underscores the necessity for highly responsive and accurate sensors to continuously monitor NH 3 levels in water, especially in complex environments, where reliable sensors have been lacking until this point. Herein, we detail the development of a sensor comprising a compact and selective analyzer with low gas consumption and a timely response based on photoacoustic spectroscopy. This, combined with an automated liquid sampling system, enables the precise detection of ammonia traces in water. The sensor system incorporates a state-of-the art quantum cascade laser as the excitation source emitting at 9 μm in resonance with the absorption line of NH 3 located at 1103.46 cm −1 . Our instrument demonstrated detection sensitivity at a low ppm level for the ammonia molecule with response times of less than 60 s. For the sampling system, an ammonia stripping solution was designed, resulting in a prompt full measurement cycle (6.35 min). A further evaluation of the sensor within a pilot study showed good reliability and agreement with the reference method for real water samples, confirming the potential of our NH 3 analyzer for water quality monitoring applications.

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The Recovery of Ammonia and Hydrogen Sulflde from Ground-Level Area Sources Using Dynamic Isolation Flux Chambers: Bench-Scale Studies

Cited by 6 publications

References 7 publications

Assessment of In-Line Dust Filter Type and Condition on Ammonia Adsorption

Assessment of In-Line Dust Filter Type and Condition on Ammonia Adsorption

Determining Seasonal Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Ground-Level Area Sources in a Dairy Operation in Central Texas

Photoacoustic Spectroscopy Using a Quantum Cascade Laser for Analysis of Ammonia in Water Solutions

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