The recovery of polarized apparent temperature distributions of flat scenes from antenna temperature measurements

Surface Topography and Mixed-Pixel Effects on the Simulated L-Band Brightness Temperatures

“…In the second one, which is referred to the antenna plane, the polarizations are called X and Y . At boresight, X and Y are identical to H and V polarizations, respectively, but away from boresight, there is some polarization mixing [14]. The third coordinate system (ξ, η) is also referred to the antenna, but in the direction cosine domain with respect to X and Y : (ξ, η) = (sin θ cos φ, sin θ sin φ).…”

Three- dimensional vector modeling and restoration of flat finite wave tank radiometric measurements

“…The radiation from the sur face of the water can be described in this manner if the dielectric properties of the water are known. Stogryn [11] has concluded that the dielectric constant 6 In order to evaluate (5), the variations of co, ', and a as functions of salinity, frequency, and temperature need to be known.…”

“…As the sidelobe and backlobe levels of the system (antenna) weighting function become more intense, and the major lobe beamwidth more wide, the vector model interaction becomes more important. Classen and Fung [6] have vectorially modeled the viewikg of the ocean using matrix techniques. Their representation, however, assumes that the observed environment is circularly symmetric and infinite in extent.…”

Polarimetric Formulation of the Visibility Function Equation Including Cross-Polar Antenna Patterns

“…where is the Boltzmann's constant, and are the receivers' noise bandwidth and power gain, is the solid angle of the antennas, is the brightness temperature of the scene [see (4) …”