The red algal-higher fungi phylogenetic link: The last ten years

Demoulin, V.

doi:10.1016/0303-2647(85)90034-6

Cited by 40 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Terrestrial ascomycetes were initially thought to have evolved from a marine ancestor as outlined in the Floridean hypothesis (Sachs 1874;de Bary 1887) and with the discovery of marine ascomycetes this theory gained nominal support for at least some taxa (Demoulin 1974(Demoulin , 1985Kohlmeyer 1975;Kohlmeyer and Kohlmeyer 1979;Kohlmeyer 1986). However, molecular phylogenetic data clearly show that the Halosphaeriaceae evolved independently from a terrestrial origin (Spatafora et al 1998).…”

Section: The Evolution Of Marine Fungimentioning

confidence: 98%

Multi-gene phylogeny of the Halosphaeriaceae: its ordinal status, relationships between genera and morphological character evolution

2010

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The halosphaeriaceous fungi constitute the largest group of marine Ascomycota found predominantly in marine environments, with few transitional species found in freshwater and brackish water habitats. It has been one of the most intensively studied groups of marine fungi, with 126 species in 53 genera. The classification of the halosphaeriaceous fungi is contentious with one school maintaining that they should be regarded as a family in the Microascales, while others continue to retain the order Halosphaeriales. To refine the phylogenetic inter-relationships among the halosphaeriaceous fungi, 36 taxa were sequenced and analysed based on three loci [nuclear small and large subunit (SSU, LSU), the second largest RNA polymerase II subunit (RPB2)]. The halosphaeriaceous fungi constitute a monophyletic group and share a common ancestor with the Microascaceae however, they share few morphological characters. In the Halosphaeriaceae the centrum tissue comprises catenophyses; asci are clavate to fusiform; ascospores are hyaline, unicellular to many septate, usually with appendages, and most are saprobic in aquatic habitats. Whereas, the peridium of the Microascaceae is carbonaceous, frequently bearing hyphal appendages or setae; asci are globose or ovoid; ascospores are reniform, often bear ornamenting ridges or wings. Genera in the Microascaceae are mainly saprobic from soil to rotting vegetation and occasionally found as pathogens, and primarily terrestrial. Based on morphological data the halosphaeriaceous taxa might be considered as a group warranting ordinal status (Halosphaeriales) and this issue is discussed in this study. Sequence data also show clearly that the genera Remispora and Ceriosporopsis are polyphyletic and we propose the erection of three new genera to accommodate C. tubulifera (Toriella), R. crispa (Kochiella) and R. galerita (Tubakiella). Bovicornua intricata is referred to the genus Ceriosporopsis. The molecular data indicate that different phylogenies based on DNA sequences support a hypothesis that ascospore appendage developments e.g. unfurling bipolar appendages, have evolved and been lost several times.

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Section: The Evolution Of Marine Fungimentioning

confidence: 98%

Multi-gene phylogeny of the Halosphaeriaceae: its ordinal status, relationships between genera and morphological character evolution

2010

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“…Ž . iomycetes see Demoulin, 1985 ; 2 they are relatively primitive eukaryotes because of similarities between their photosystem and that of cyanobacteria; Ž . and 3 they are the sister group to the crown taxa of fungi, animals, plants, and chromobionts.…”

Section: ( ) Rhodophytes Red Algaementioning

confidence: 99%

Support, Ribosomal Sequences and the Phylogeny Of The Eukaryotes

et al. 1998

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Sequences of the small subunit SSU ribosomal RNA are considered useful for reconstructing the tree of life because this molecule is found in all organisms and is large enough not to have become saturated with multiple mutations. However, these data sets are large, difficult to align, and have extreme biases in base compositions which makes their phylogenetic signal ambiguous. Large ambiguous data sets may have many most-parsimonious trees, and finding them all may be impossible using convential phylogenetic methods. To examine the reliability of the number and relationships of eukaryotic kingdoms proposed by previous analyses of the SSU, we calculated trees from aligned sequences from eukaryotes in the Ribosomal Database Project using parsimony jackknifing which uses a resampling procedure to rapidly search large data sets for the branches that are strongly supported and eliminates poorly supported groups. Two separate analyses were carried out: an analysis in which all bases were equally weighted, and one in which transversions only were used. The parsimony jackknife procedure was able to efficiently find trees in which most major groups of eukaryotes were supported and in which some evolutionary hypotheses proposed by previous workers were tested. The relationships of these major groups to each other were largely unresolved, indicating that the SSU data, as represented in this database, is insufficient for answering questions about these deep branches. Interestingly, the analysis of transitions differs from the results of the entire data set, primarily being less resolved. This indicates that transversional mutations are important contributors to the resolved structure of the tree.ᮊ

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“…4 were encountered. However, the proposed relationship between red algae and higher fungi (Demoulin, 1985) was never observed. The clustering of fungi and metazoans, as seen in topology B, is supported by our SSU rRNA data, and also by several other studies based on SSU rRNA and protein sequences (Baldauf and Palmer, 1993;Kumar and Rzhetsky, 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Rhodophytes form a monophyletic group, but their phylogenetic position relative to other eukaryotic taxa is uncertain (Corliss, 1984;Ragan and Gutell, 1995). Since they are devoid of any flagellar life stage, a relationship to higher fungi was proposed (Taylor, 1978;Demoulin, 1985), and they were often regarded as primitive eukaryotes, which is consistent with their divergent 5S rRNA (Walker, 1985). More recently, red algae have been attributed a relationship to glaucocystophytes and chlorobionts (Cavalier-Smith, 1993;Ragan and Gutell, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%