The Reducing Effects of a Calcium-Deficient Diet and High Sucrose Diet on Dentin Apposition of Rat Molars

Abstract

A high sucrose diet reduces dentin apposition of growing rats. The mechanisms of reduction are unclear, but disturbances in calcium balance or in mineralization of predentin may explain them. In this experiment, 29 Sprague-Dawley rats, 21 days old, were weaned and randomized into calcium-deficient, high-sucrose or standard-diet groups for 3 weeks. They were given food and water ad libitum. During the experiment, animals were individually housed in metabolic cages where urine samples were collected. At ages of 21 and 40 days mineralizing dentin was marked using I.P. injections of oxytetracycline hydrochloride. At 42 days of age, the animals were anesthetized and their blood was collected by cardiac puncture. Right hemimandibles were sectioned sagittally and left hemimandibles were fixed, decalcified, and cut into histological sections. Dentin appositions were measured planimetrically, predentin width, from histological sections. Ca, K, and Na levels of serum and urine were measured flame photimetrically and P levels were measured by the UV method. Statistical analyses were done using one-way analysis of variation (ANOVA) Tuckey's HSD t test. In the calcium-deficient group, hypocalcemia, reduced dentin apposition, and increased predentin width were noticed when compared with the control group (P<0.05). Also, the increase in predentin width, caused by calcium deficiency, was significant compared with sucrose-fed animals (P<0.05). Sucrose diet reduced dentinogenesis, increased Ca excretion to urine, but also reduced urinary levels of P, K, and Na, and the differences were significant for the controls (P<0.05). In conclusion, despite the same kind of reduced dentinogenesis in calcium-deficient and high-sucrose groups, calcium imbalance or reduced mineralization of predentin does not explain reduced dentinogenesis in sucrose-fed animals.

Time-dependent Decalcifying Effects of Endodontic Irrigants with Antibacterial Properties

“…Flame photometry is a highly sensitive atomic emission method for the detection of metal salts such as Ca 2ϩ and is used extensively for clinical, biologic, and environmental analysis (9,22,23). Quantitative analysis is performed by measuring the flame emission of solutions containing the metal salts.…”

“…Optical filters are used to select the emission wavelength monitored for the analyte species. Finally, comparison of flame emission intensities of unknowns to either those of standard solutions or to those of an internal standard allows quantitative analysis of the analyte metal in the sample solution (22,23).…”

Calcium Loss From Root Canal Dentin Following EDTA, EGTA, EDTAC, and Tetracycline-HCl Treatment With or Without Subsequent NaOCl Irrigation

“…Methods such as atomic absorption spectrometry, flame photometry, complexometric titration with EDTA, or inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) are all suitable measurement techniques, provided that calibration is accomplished precisely (14,(23)(24)(25). Flame photometry (also known as flame emission spectroscopy) is a highly sensitive atomic emission method for the detection of metal salts such as Ca 2ϩ and is used extensively for clinical, biologic, and environmental analysis (26)(27)(28). Quantitative analysis is performed by measuring the flame emission of solutions containing the metal salts.…”

Effects of a high sucrose diet and intragastric sucrose feeding on the dentinogenesis, dental caries, and mineral excretion of the young rat

“…The CNT and DIS groups were fed intragastrically with tap water using the same procedure and amount of liquid as with the IGS group, otherwise the food and tap water were available ad libitum. Both diets were in the form of powder and have been used previously (4,10,11). Detailed compositions of the diets are presented in Table 1.…”

“…This is in line with observations of the deteriorating effect of a high sucrose diet on bone metabolism (6±9). Bone and dentin alterations can be explained by the observation that sucrose feeding increases calcium excretion and decreases phosphorus, potassium, and sodium excretions to urine (10). However, it does not affect mineral levels of serum or the width of the predentin layer (10), i.e.…”