The redundancy of ribosomal and transfer RNA genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Schweizer, Eckhart; MacKechnie, C.; Halvorson, Harlyn O.

doi:10.1016/0022-2836(69)90474-4

Cited by 254 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The demonstration that 2.8 im circular DNA molecules from S. cerevisiae hybridize to rRNA, confirms our previous suggestion that these molecules code for ribosomal RNA genes (2 This hardly represents a significant amplification of the 100 or more rDNA units in the nuclear DNA (31,32).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Hybridizable sequences between cytoplasmic ribosomal RNAs and 3 micron circular DNAs of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Torulopsis glabrata

Cark-Walker

Azad

1980

Nucl Acids Res

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We have shown that 2.8 and 3.1 pm circular DNA molecules, previously reported to be present in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Torulopsis glabrata respectively, contain sequences hybridizing to cytoplasmic ribosomal RNAs.In S. cerevisiae the 2.8 pm circular DNA appears to be identical to the rDNA repeating unit from nuclear DNA, both in length (approximately 9000 base pairs) and in the location of the 25, 18 and 5.8S rRNA sequences on the large HindIII fragment (6500 bp) and the presence of the 5S rRNA sequence on the small HindIII fragment. In S. cerevisiae the 4-5 copies of the 2.8 pm circular DNA molecules per cell, which have an extra-nuclear location, do not appear to be essential for cell viability as in one strain they were undetectable.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Hybridizable sequences between cytoplasmic ribosomal RNAs and 3 micron circular DNAs of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Torulopsis glabrata

Cark-Walker

Azad

1980

Nucl Acids Res

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“…In the present study four DNA regions have been screened, namely: RDN1 (7,15,47) on chromosome XII (46), HIS4 (21,26,27) and LEU2 (3,5,14,22,30,59) genes on chromosome III (38), and the Ty element regions homologous to Tyl from S. cerevisiae genetic standard strains (19,20,48). RDN1 encodes the 18S, 5.8S, 25S, and 5S cytosolic ribosomal RNA molecules (7,47,54). At least three forms of the RDN1 gene cluster exist in the genus, namely forms l, II (7,15), and III (40,41).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA sequence polymorphisms in the genus saccharomyces III. Restriction endonuclease fragment patterns of chromosomal regions in brewing and other yeast strains

Pedersen

1986

Carlsberg Res. Commun.

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30 bottom fermenting strains, 13 hybrid lager strains, 11 top fermenting strains. In addition, 24 other yeast species and strains have been analysed in this study. Four DNA regions have been monitored by restriction endonuclease fragment pattern polymorphisms. The regions analysed are: RDN1 (encoding cytosolic ribosomal RNA molecules) located on chromosome XII in S. cerevisiae, HIS4 (histidine 4) and LEU2 (leucine 2) both located on chromosome III and the Ty elements which are distributed at different positions in the genome ofS. cerevisiae. Seven Ty fragment patterns have been detected in the bottom fermenting strains. Patterns I, II, IIa, lib, and llc are present in lager strains while pattern III and IV are found in S. carlsbergensis bottom fermenting strain No. I and in S. monacensis, respectively. Hybridization of the Tyl p14 probe from S. cerevisiae to OFAGE separated chromosomes from bottom fermenting strains show that at least five Ty elements are present in the genomes of the lager strains, at least five in S. carlsbergensis bottom fermenting strain No. I and at least three in S. monacensis. From the restriction fragment patterns and the karyotypes of the bottom fermenting strains it is suggested that these strains are closely related and different from the S. bayanus, S. pastorianus, and S. uvarum group as well as from the S. cerevisiae strains. In spite of their differences in Ty element patterns the lager strains are so homogenous that most likely they all originate from a single strain which is related to S. carlsbergensis and S. monacensis type strains. In contrast to the bottom fermenting strains there is a large variability among the top fermenting strains, especially with regard to the LEU2 gene and Ty elements. It seems that S. bayanus, S. inusitatus, S. pastorianus, S. validus, and S. uvarum are closely related, and none of the studied strains from these taxons contained DNA which hybridized to the Tyl probe from S. cerevisiae. This is a clear difference from the DNA of bottom fermenting strains which consistently hybridized strongly to the Tyl probe.Abbreviations: kb = kilo base pairs; OFAGE = orthogonal field alternation gel electrophoresis; SSC = 0.15 M-NaCI, 15 mM-Na citrate; TBE = 0.089 M-Tris-borate, 0.089 M-boric acid, 0.002 M-EDTA; Tris = tris-(hydroxymethyl)-amino methane Springer-Verlag

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“…The 5S sequence is transcribed separately from the opposite strand of the gene. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae this gene is present in over 100 tandemly repeated copies (22,29). The gene is generally highly conserved in sequence and overall organization throughout the pro-and eukaryotic kingdoms (6,9,32,34).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA sequence polymorphisms in the genus Saccharomyces. I. Comparison of theHIS4 and ribosomal RNA genes in lager strains, ale strains and various species

Pedersen

1983

Carlsberg Res. Commun.

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The region of chromosome XII containing the RDNI gene which encodes the cytosolic ribosomal RNA molecules and the region of chromosome Ill containing the H1S4 (histidine 4) gene were analysed in 30 lager yeast strains, 11 ale strains and 20 strains from a number of different species in the genus Saccharomyces.With the aid of restriction endonuclease fragment patterns and cloned probes to the RDN1 gene ofS. cerevisiae three forms of this gene were identified, two of them corresponding to the previously known forms I and II and a third one characterized by an additional HindlIl site located in the 3' spacer region. A more distantly related form of the RDNlgene containing a single HindlIl restriction site was found in Saccharomyces fermentati and one form without any Hindlll site in a wild yeast contaminant.With the help of the restriction endonuclease fragments derived from the HIS4 region seven genotypes can be recognized. They result from various combinations of three restriction endonuclease fragment patterns designated I, II and III, each pattern represents a chromosome.All lager strains are homozygous for form II of the ribosomal RNA gene and heterozygous for patterns I and II of the HIS4 gene. An exception is one German brewing strain which is homozygous for pattern II.With one exception the ale strains were homozygous for form II of the RDN1 gene and for pattern I of the HIS4 gene. One British strain contains form I of the RDN1 gene. Bakers yeast, S. diastaticus and S. italicus are homozygous for form I of the RDN1 gene and for pattern I of the HIS4 gene. In S. bayanus and S. pastorianus homozygosity for form III of the RDN1 gene was combined with heterozygosity for patterns II and III of the HIS4 gene. S. uvarum is homozygous for both form III of the RDN1 gene and pattern III of the HIS4 gene. Form III of the RDN1 gene and patterns I and ti of the HIS4 gene were combined in a Chinese brewing strain and a strain designated as a type strain ofS. carlsbergensis.The nucleotide sequence polymorphisms are useful markers for strain characterization in addition to the generally used fermentation properties.Abbreviations: bp = basepairs; kb = kilobase; SSC = 0.15 M-NaCI, 15 mM-Na citrate; Tris -tris-(hydroxymethyl)-amino methane.

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The redundancy of ribosomal and transfer RNA genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Cited by 254 publications

References 27 publications

Hybridizable sequences between cytoplasmic ribosomal RNAs and 3 micron circular DNAs of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Torulopsis glabrata

Hybridizable sequences between cytoplasmic ribosomal RNAs and 3 micron circular DNAs of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Torulopsis glabrata

DNA sequence polymorphisms in the genus saccharomyces III. Restriction endonuclease fragment patterns of chromosomal regions in brewing and other yeast strains

DNA sequence polymorphisms in the genus Saccharomyces. I. Comparison of theHIS4 and ribosomal RNA genes in lager strains, ale strains and various species

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