The regaining of public spaces to enhance the historic urban landscape

Abstract

Open spaces in the urban landscapes suffer from deterioration caused by man that leads to two major outcomes: on one side they are abandoned because of newer contemporary needs, on the other hand they tend to be "cannibalized" in the attempt to satisfy our society. This has caused a progressive retraction of urban open spaces that have become residual spaces with no shape and no name. This course of crisis has damaged the identity of places and this is more acute in historic urban landscapes that are recognised as cultural heritage and world heritage. The historic urban landscape approach suggested by UNESCO recognises public spaces' importance for society and promotes the acknowledgement of public spaces and their dynamism aiming to the integration of preservation, social development and economic targets. To understand how "historic urban landscapes" are taking care of their public spaces, a few Management Plans of UNESCO's World Heritage cities have been compared. Only Italian UNESCO sites with an "urban complex" characterisation have been considered, this means a limited part of a city with homogenous characteristics from a spatial, historic and cultural point of view. We have focused our attention on the specific interventions for the management of open spaces, in order to identify the major targets and their executive tools, projects and actions. In the light of the above-mentioned analyses, we propose some strategies to fight the decline of public spaces (streets, squares, gardens, etc.) and to enhance these spaces with great attention, trying to improve their fruition and comfort according to their historic and cultural values. The need to identify design strategies to enhance public spaces within the historic urban landscape is included in the research and test activities carried out in the UNESCO site of Mantova and Sabbioneta. This site is an excellent area of applicability because of its urban shape, molded in years by the Gonzaga family. Together with the UNESCO Mantova e Sabbioneta office, we have involved citizens in the requalification design to activate regaining process and test the applicability of our analyses in the city of Mantova, a very articulated and complex reality, starting from the fruition of its places and according to its morphological, environmental, cultural and perceptive aspects.Keywords: public spaces system; urban design; management plan; enhancement of cultural heritage; historic urban landscape.

Perceptions mapping: A participatory tool for urban conservation planning

“…In order to articulate the perception mapping process, this study performed a structured review of the literature on Historic Urban Landscape ((UNESCO, 2011); ; (Bandarin and Van Oers, 2014); (Bolici, Gambaro and Giordano, 2017); (Santander, Garai-Olaun and Arana, 2018); (Pereira Roders, 2019)); Cultural capital ((BENHAMOU Françoise, 2012); (Ost Christian, 2016); (Ost Christian, 2019); (Throsby David, 2001); (Throsby David, 2002); (Throsby, 2017)); Cultural mapping ((UNESCO, 2009); (Pillai Janet, 2014); (Freitas, 2016); (Jeannotte, 2016); (Murray, 2017); (Savić, 2017); (Hossain and Barata, 2019)); Sensorial mapping ((Dubey A., Naik N., Parikh D., Raskar R., 2016); (Graezer B. F., Pedrazzini Y., Bordone L., Herrera L., 2017); (Hoekstra, 2019)); Co-design and participatory mapping ( (Miessen M. and Basar S., 2006); (Dreessen, K. Huybrechts, L. Laureyssens, T. Shepers, S. & Baciu, 2012); (Naik N., Philipoom J., Raskar R., 2013); (Salesses, Schechtner and Hidalgo, 2013); Blake et al 2017; (He S., Yoshimurab Y., Helferc J., Hackd G., Rattib C., 2018); (Reilly, Adamowski and John, 2018); (Gutierrez, 2019); (Nyseth, Ringholm and Agger, 2019)).…”

The Future of the Past: Paths towards Participatory Governance for Cultural Heritage

“…In order to articulate the perception mapping process, this study performed a structured review of the literature on Historic Urban Landscape ((UNESCO, 2011); ; (Bandarin and Van Oers, 2014); (Bolici, Gambaro and Giordano, 2017); (Santander, Garai-Olaun and Arana, 2018); (Pereira Roders, 2019)); Cultural capital ((BENHAMOU Françoise, 2012); (Ost Christian, 2016); (Ost Christian, 2019); (Throsby David, 2001); (Throsby David, 2002); (Throsby, 2017)); Cultural mapping ((UNESCO, 2009); (Pillai Janet, 2014); (Freitas, 2016); (Jeannotte, 2016); (Murray, 2017); (Savić, 2017); (Hossain and Barata, 2019)); Sensorial mapping ((Dubey A., Naik N., Parikh D., Raskar R., 2016); (Graezer B. F., Pedrazzini Y., Bordone L., Herrera L., 2017); (Hoekstra, 2019)); Co-design and participatory mapping ( (Miessen M. and Basar S., 2006); (Dreessen, K. Huybrechts, L. Laureyssens, T. Shepers, S. & Baciu, 2012); (Naik N., Philipoom J., Raskar R., 2013); (Salesses, Schechtner and Hidalgo, 2013); Blake et al 2017; (He S., Yoshimurab Y., Helferc J., Hackd G., Rattib C., 2018); (Reilly, Adamowski and John, 2018); (Gutierrez, 2019); (Nyseth, Ringholm and Agger, 2019)).…”

Kajian perkembangan ruang publik bersejarah di pusat kota (Studi kasus: Taman Sriwedari sebagai Kebun Raja di Kota Surakarta)

“…Tanpa melihat status pun, setiap komponen di Taman Sriwedari sebenarnya sudah memiliki nilai-nilai budaya dan sejarah. Merujuk pada pendapat Jappelli dalam Bolici & Gambaro [41], memulihkan aspek budaya kota dan ruang publiknya, dengan mengoperasikan pada kelayakan historis dan bagaimana ruang digunakan, adalah hal yang sangat mendasar. Sehingga gambaran mengenai masa lalu dapat direpresentasi dalam ruang-ruang kota.…”