The Relation between Specific Parenting Behaviors and Toddlers’ Early Anxious Behaviors is Moderated by Toddler Cortisol Reactivity

Kalomiris, Anne E.; Phelps, Randi A.; Kiel, Elizabeth J.

doi:10.1007/s10802-019-00522-9

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 54 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In fact, mounting evidence indicates that individual differences in cortisol reactivity moderate the association between environmental experiences and child adjustment. Importantly, in keeping with BSC theory, a cross-over effect has often been documented in this work, suggesting that highly reactive children exhibit the worst outcomes in negative contexts but the best outcomes in positive contexts (e.g., Kalomiris et al, 2019 ; Obradović et al, 2010 ). As BSC is hypothesized to occur among individuals who exhibit sustained stress responses (Ellis & Boyce, 2008 ), high levels of basal cortisol may similarly serve as an index of BSC (Shirtcliff & Essex, 2008 ).…”

Section: Biological Sensitivity To Context Theorysupporting

confidence: 81%

Parenting and Adjustment Problems among Preschoolers during COVID-19

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A critical area of developmental science explores factors that confer risk or protection as young children and their families experience stressful circumstances related to sociohistorical events. This study contributes to this important area by assessing relations between family context and child adjustment as children transitioned from preschool to home learning during COVID-19, and whether children higher in stress levels, indexed by morning basal cortisol, were more strongly affected. Parents of 74 children ( M age = 53.56 months, SD age = 3.68 months) completed reports spanning the home learning transition; children’s pre-COVID-19 transition salivary cortisol levels were assessed. Path analyses were used to test the preregistered study aims. Significant interactions were decomposed using simple slopes and Preacher’s Regions of Significance (ROS) method. Across the COVID-19 transition to home-based school, children with higher morning basal cortisol experienced the sharpest increase in anger when exposed to harsh/inconsistent parenting contexts. Importantly, these effects held when controlling for household chaos, socioeconomic resources, and supportive parenting. Parallel models with supportive parenting were also tested and are discussed. This study is one of the first to test and provide support for biological sensitivity to context theory within the context of a natural experiment like COVID-19.

show abstract

Section: Biological Sensitivity To Context Theorysupporting

confidence: 81%

Parenting and Adjustment Problems among Preschoolers during COVID-19

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For example, measures of HPA axis functioning and sympathetic nervous system activity have been demonstrated to interact with environmental influences to predict children's internalizing symptoms (e.g. Kalomiris et al, 2019; Obradovic, Bush, & Boyce, 2011). Future work should examine if other measures of physiology better capture vulnerability to environmental stress associated with maternal internalizing symptoms to predict trajectories of child internalizing symptom development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trajectories of internalizing symptoms in early childhood: Associations with maternal internalizing symptoms and child physiology

Zhou

Buss

2021

Developmental Psychobiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Research has shown that children's internalizing symptom development during early childhood are shaped by biopsychosocial processes including physiology and parental symptoms. However, associations between maternal internalizing symptoms, child physiology and trajectories of child internalizing symptoms are not well understood. We used growth curve models to examine how maternal internalizing symptoms, child physiology and the interaction between maternal internalizing symptoms and child physiology may be associated with trajectories of internalizing symptoms during early childhood. Mothers reported their children's internalizing symptoms when children were 3, 4, 5 and 6 years of age, and mothers self‐reported their own internalizing symptoms when children were 3. Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia (RSA) was collected when children were 3.5‐years‐old. Results showed that there is a non‐linear, quadratic trajectory across all participants from age 3 to 6. Maternal internalizing symptoms were not associated with children's internalizing symptoms at age 6, but were associated with both linear and quadratic change. Lower resting RSA was associated with greater increases in children's internalizing symptoms over time. Interactions between maternal internalizing symptoms and RSA were not associated with children's internalizing symptom development. The findings demonstrate that maternal internalizing symptoms and child physiology are independently associated with internalizing symptom development during early childhood.

show abstract

“…In particular, cortisol and negative emotionality have been focal phenotypic markers of physiological reactivity in this realm. In this line of research, studies have explored how individual differences in cortisol reactivity (change in cortisol levels in response to external stimuli, such as stress or a challenge) might moderate the relationship between environmental experiences and developmental outcomes (e.g., [36][37][38][39][40]). Overall, the accumulated evidence on the moderating effects of cortisol reactivity aligns well with the DST, suggesting that individuals exhibiting elevated cortisol reactivity are more susceptible to both enriching and adverse environmental inputs [35,37,39,41], with some findings corresponding to the diathesis-stress model [36,38].…”

Section: Cortisol and Negative Emotionality As A Moderator In The Con...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this line of research, studies have explored how individual differences in cortisol reactivity (change in cortisol levels in response to external stimuli, such as stress or a challenge) might moderate the relationship between environmental experiences and developmental outcomes (e.g., [36][37][38][39][40]). Overall, the accumulated evidence on the moderating effects of cortisol reactivity aligns well with the DST, suggesting that individuals exhibiting elevated cortisol reactivity are more susceptible to both enriching and adverse environmental inputs [35,37,39,41], with some findings corresponding to the diathesis-stress model [36,38]. For example, [42] found that consonant with the DST framework, children with heightened cortisol reactivity manifested enhanced outcomes such as improved emotional regulation, peer relations, and school readiness in nurturing environments, while adverse contexts heralded less favorable results.…”

Section: Cortisol and Negative Emotionality As A Moderator In The Con...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Moderating Role of Cortisol and Negative Emotionality in the Effects of Classroom Size and Window View on Young Children’s Executive Functions

Cha

2023

Behavioral Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study probed how baseline cortisol (BC), negative emotionality (NE), and environmental facets—classroom size and window view—interact to affect executive function (EF) in preschoolers using virtual reality (VR). In a cohort of 144 children aged 61–85 months, BC levels were measured by saliva assays and NE by parental surveys. Participants completed computerized EF assessments both pre- and post-exposure to one of four VR conditions, which varied by classroom size (large vs. small) and window view (natural vs. built). Due to missing data and outlier responses, three children were removed from the analyses. Regression analyses, accounting for initial EFs, revealed that higher BC was significantly associated with better Digit-span task scores in the nature view, while lower BC correlated with improved performance in the built view. With regard to classroom size, children with varying levels of NE benefitted from the large classroom environment, as evidenced by marginally significant improvements on the Corsi block task. However, higher NE children outperformed their lower NE peers in the large classroom, while a trend inverted in the small classroom context. The findings illuminate how the physical components of preschool environments may interact with children’s physiological reactivity, potentially influencing the development of working memory.

show abstract

The Relation between Specific Parenting Behaviors and Toddlers’ Early Anxious Behaviors is Moderated by Toddler Cortisol Reactivity

Cited by 5 publications

References 54 publications

Parenting and Adjustment Problems among Preschoolers during COVID-19

Parenting and Adjustment Problems among Preschoolers during COVID-19

Trajectories of internalizing symptoms in early childhood: Associations with maternal internalizing symptoms and child physiology

The Moderating Role of Cortisol and Negative Emotionality in the Effects of Classroom Size and Window View on Young Children’s Executive Functions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About