“…They found that teachers of young children naturally used a variety of verbal strategies, such as asking open-ended math questions, to extend thinking during problem solving. Larger scale studies have reported that a high frequency of math discourse in early childhood classrooms or in homes predicts later math achievement (Boonen, Kolkman, & Kroesbergen, 2011;Klibanoff, Levine, Huttenlocher, Vasilyeva, & Hedges, 2006;Levine, Suriyakham, Rowe, Huttenlocher, & Gunderson, 2010). We conducted a study that examined adult-child math interactions during free-play periods in a university lab school serving a diverse population (Trawick-Smith, Swaminathan, & Liu, 2014).…”