The relation between tobacco taxes and youth and young adult smoking: What happened following the 2009 U.S. federal tax increase on cigarettes?

Abstract

Background On April 1, 2009, the federal government raised cigarette taxes from $0.39 to $1.01 per pack. This study examines the impact of this increase on a range of smoking behaviors among youth aged 12 to 17 and young adults aged 18 to 25. Methods Data from the 2002–2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) were used to estimate the impact of the tax increase on five smoking outcomes: (1) past year smoking initiation, (2) past-month smoking, (3) past year smoking cessation, (4) number of days cigarettes were smoked during the past month, and (5) average number of cigarettes smoked per day. Each model included individual and state-level covariates and other tobacco control policies that coincided with the tax increase. We examined the impact overall and by race and gender. Results The odds of smoking initiation decreased for youth after the tax increase (odds ratio (OR) = 0.83, p < 0.0001). The odds of past-month smoking also decreased (youth: OR = 0.83, p < 0.0001; young adults: OR = 0.92, p < 0.0001), but the odds of smoking cessation remained unchanged. Current smokers smoked on fewer days (youth: coefficient = −0.97, p = 0.0001; young adults: coefficient = −0.84, p < 0.0001) and smoked fewer cigarettes per day after the tax increase (youth: coefficient = −1.02, p = 0.0011; young adults: coefficient = −0.92, p < 0.0001). Conclusions The 2009 federal cigarette tax increase was associated with a substantial reduction in smoking among youths and young adults. The impact of the tax increase varied across male, female, white and black subpopulations.

Right Here, Right Now: Situated Interventions to Change Consumer Habits

“…Bader, Boisclair, and Ferrence 2011;Chaloupka, Straif, and Leon 2011;Nikaj and Chaloupka 2014;Van Hasselt et al 2015; see also Jha and Peto 2015).…”

Red-State Medicaid Expansions — Achilles’ Heel of ACA Repeal?

“…By increasing cigarette prices, cigarette taxes substantially reduce smoking rates and generate large improvements in public health. Research examining the impact of Federal cigarette tax increases on the number of teen or young-adult smokers imply that the 2009 Federal cigarette tax increase will reduce youth smoking by between 3 and 15 percentage points (van Hasselt et al 2015;Huang and Chaloupka 2012;CBO 2012b;Carpenter and Cook 2008). Assuming that roughly a third of youth smokers die prematurely due to smoking (U.S.…”

Implementation of Cigarette Excise Policy against Cigarette Consumption Reduction among Adolescent in Kuningan, Indonesia

“…2 According to National Basic Health Research, it is estimated, the prevalence of tobacco smoking increased from 34.2 % in 2007 to 36.3 % in 2013. [3][4][5] The prevalence of smokers in adolescents (aged [15][16][17][18][19] years has increased from 0.7% in 2007 to 11.2% in 2013, as well as among age of 20-24 years increased from 17.3% in 2007 to 27.2% in 2013. The average age of people early smoking in Indonesia is at 17.6 years.…”

“…[14][15][16] Study in United States found that cigarette tax increase associated with a substantial reduction in smoking among youth and young adultssuch as the odds of smoking initiation decreased, the odds of past-month smoking also decreased, current smokers smoked on fewer days and smoked fewer cigarettes per day after the tax increase. 17 As for study among young adults in Columbia, found that an increase in the price of cigarettes led to transitions from daily smoking to no smoking, from moderate daily to light daily smoking, and from heavy daily smoking to moderate daily smoking. 18 Youth and the poor are more price sensitive.…”

“…Evidence in the study suggests that youth and young adults are more sensitive to cigarette price and tax increases than adults. 15,17 In Indonesia, the tobacco tax averages 37% of sales price. This is low compared to the global benchmark of 70% of sales price.…”