The Relation of Diabetes Type 2 with Sexual Function among Reproductive Age Women in Iran, a Case-Control Study

Abstract

Background. Diabetic patients are at the greater risk of retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, and sexual dysfunction compared to the general population. Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sexual dysfunction in type 2 diabetes reproductive age women in Iran. Method. This was a case-control study carried out on 130 women with type 2 diabetes and 130 healthy women. The type 2 diabetes diagnosis was confirmed with abnormal fasting blood sugar, abnormal random blood sugar test, and abnormal level of HbA1C. Eligible women were requested to complete a demographic questionnaire and female sexual function index (FSFI). The chi-square test, independent t-test, and Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA) were used for analyzing data. Results. Results of this study showed that diabetic women had significantly lower sexual desire, arousal, lubrication, and orgasm and more pain compared to the healthy women (p < 0.05). Also diabetic women had lower sexual satisfaction compared to the healthy women (p = 0.002). The total score of sexual function was significantly lower in the diabetic women compared to the healthy women (21.25 ± 7.04 versus 22.43 ± 7.6, p = 0.004). Conclusion. Results of this study showed that the score of all dimensions of sexual function in diabetic patients was lower than that in healthy women. Education and counseling about controlling diabetes and sexual function among diabetic women in reproductive age are recommended.

The Impact of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components on Female Sexual Dysfunction: A Narrative Mini-Review

“…Total 35 studies met the inclusion criteria (Table 1, 2) [2,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58]. Sixteen studies were classified as case-control studies [2,28,29,32,37,38,39,41,42,44,47,49,51,52,54,57] and the rest as observational/cross-sectional studies.…”

“…Sixteen studies were classified as case-control studies [2,28,29,32,37,38,39,41,42,44,47,49,51,52,54,57] and the rest as observational/cross-sectional studies. The number of participants ranged from 88 to 2,270 women.…”

“…Only 9 studies looked specifically at MS [2,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32]. The remaining included data about components of MS [2,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58]. …”

“…Similarly diabetes mellitus and diabetes medications were associated with FSD, specifically lubrication and orgasm disorders, induced by vascular changes in the pelvis and neuropathic alterations in genital arousal, directly related to glycemic control and duration of diabetes [43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53]. …”

Klotho protein function among patients with type 1 diabetes

“…Patients with DM1 have worse quality of life in comparison to healthy counterparts [3]. Late diagnosis and uncontrolled disease leads to the development of long-term complications that cause disability, inability to work, and increased premature mortality [4][5][6]. Among the traditional risk factors of chronic complications, a crucial role is played by hyperglycaemia [7] and insulin resistance [8], which includes decreased muscle, fat, and liver sensitivity to insulin [9].…”