The relations between C-reactive protein and trauma exposure, PTSD and depression symptoms, and PTSD psychotherapy treatment response in treatment seeking veterans and service members

Peripheral inflammation over the course of a cognitive behavioral intervention in PTSD

“…We additionally found that CRP did not significantly predict outcome of psychological treatment, which is in line with a study by Maples-Keller et al (2022) who investigated the relationship between CRP and response to psychological treatment. This is in contrast with a study by Eraly et al (2014) , who investigated 2978 participants before and after war zoned-deployed, reporting highly significant results for baseline CRP concentration as overall predictor of postemployment PTSD symptoms.…”

Involvement of Nuclear Factor-κB in Inflammation and Neuronal Plasticity Associated with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

“…No significant difference was observed between control and PTSD individual in a meta analyzed by Passos et al [78,82]. Recent studies have reported that the severity of CRP and PTSD symptoms may not be considered as a specific biomarker for PTSD [83,84]. The etiology and pathophysiology of PTSD is complex and in this setting one possible reason for variability may lie in the genetic variant or SNPs.…”

Alleviating anxiety and taming trauma: Novel pharmacotherapeutics for anxiety disorders and posttraumatic stress disorder

“…It may turn out that targeting individuals with evidence of immune over-activation will be a key to achieving therapeutic effects when using anti-inflammatory compounds, as was found to be the case in MDD with the TNF-α blocker, infliximab ( Karson et al, 2013 ). However, the identification of biomarkers of (pro-)inflammatory signaling continues to be challenging, including in those individuals with defined immunological perturbations (e.g., ( Kennedy and Niedzwiedz, 2022 ; Maples-Keller et al, 2022b ; Won and Kim, 2020 )). Nevertheless, studies are underway to evaluate the efficacy of anti-inflammatory treatments in anxiety disorders and PTSD ( Elnazer et al, 2021 ; Maier et al, 2020 ; Makunts et al, 2018 ).…”