The relations of PTSD symptoms to alcohol use and coping drinking in volunteers who responded to the Swissair Flight 111 airline disaster

Stewart, Sherry H.; Mitchell, Terry; Wright, Kristi D.; Loba, Pamela

doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2003.07.006

Cited by 125 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Such self medication behavior, however, is typically seen as an avoidance coping strategy, which is usually not associated with positive outcomes (23,24,54,56). Thus, it is entirely possible that attempts at alcohol withdrawal may actually intensify symptoms for individuals with PTSD or depression (15,18,55). These reactions may interfere with the resolution of the traumatic experience, prolonging symptoms following the disaster.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, anxiety, respiratory aliments, cardiovascular conditions, and panic disorder have been commonly reported consequences of such disasters and mass trauma (1,6,(8)(9)(10)(11)(12). Researchers also have documented the increase in substance use in the aftermath of community disasters (7,(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18). In fact, substance use has been a documented comorbid factor accompanying physical and psychological problems after exposure to trauma (13,19,20).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Alcohol Use, Mental Health Status and Psychological Well-being 2 Years After the World Trade Center Attacks in New York City

Adams

Boscarino

Galea

2006

The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse

116

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Over the past 30 years, studies have shown that survivors of community-wide disasters suffer from a variety of physical and mental health problems. Researchers also have documented increased substance use in the aftermath of these disasters. In the present study, we examined the relationship between alcohol use and mental health status within the context of the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center in New York City (NYC). The data for the present report come from a 2-wave panel study of adults living in NYC on the day of the attacks. Wave 1 (W1) and Wave 2 (W2) interviews occurred one year and two years after the attacks, respectively. Overall, 2,368 individuals completed the W1 survey (cooperation rate, 63%) and 1,681 completed the W2 survey (re-interview rate, 71%). The alcohol use variables examined were binge drinking, alcohol dependence, increased days drinking, and increased drinks per day. The outcomes examined included measures of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depression, BSI-18-Global Severity and measures of SF12-mental and physical health status. After controlling for demographic, stress, and resource factors, multivariate logistic regressions indicated that all alcohol measures were related to one or more of these outcomes. In particular, binge drinking was related to partial PTSD, while alcohol dependence was associated subsyndromal PTSD, severity of PTSD, depression, BSI-18 global severity, and SF-12 poor mental health status. Increased post-disaster drinking was positively associated with subsyndromal PTSD and negatively associated with SF-12 physical health. We discuss reasons for these results and the negative consequences that heavy alcohol use may have on the postdisaster recovery process.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol Use, Mental Health Status and Psychological Well-being 2 Years After the World Trade Center Attacks in New York City

Adams

Boscarino

Galea

2006

The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse

116

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“…Acil durum çalışanlarında görülen travmatik stres ve yaygınlığı konusunda, itfaiye çalışanları, [1][2][3] ruh sağlığı uzmanları, [4,5] polisler, [6][7][8] hekimler [9] ve arama-kurtarma çalışanları ile yapılmış olan çok sayıda araştırma [10][11][12][13][14][15] bulunmaktadır.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Levels of Death Anxiety, Death Related Depression of Health Personnel Providing Emergency Medical Services and Their Coping Methods

Acehan¹,

Eker²

2013

Psi Hem Derg

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ÖZETAmaç: Bu çalışma, Düzce ilindeki acil tıp hizmeti veren sağlık personelinin ölüme ilişkin kaygı ve depresyon durumları ile kullandıkları başa çıkma yöntemlerini belirlemek amacıyla tanımlayıcı olarak yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem:Araştırmanın örneklemini Düzce ili sınırları içinde bulunan, acil tıp hizmeti veren kurumlarda çalışan 141 (78 kadın, 63 erkek) sağlık personeli oluşturmuştur. Araştırmanın verileri "Tanıtım Formu", "Templer'in Ölüm Kaygı Ölçeği" ve "Ölüme İlişkin Depresyon Ölçeği" uygulanarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin istatistiksel analizinde Kruskal-Wallis varyans analizi, Mann-Whitney U-testi ve korelasyon katsayısı kullanılmıştır. Bulgular:Acil tıp personelinde ölüm kaygısı düşük ve ölüme ilişkin depresyon ise orta düzeydedir. Kadınların ölüm kaygısı puanı ve ölü-me ilişkin depresyon puanı erkeklere göre daha yüksektir. Başa çıkma yöntemi olarak etkin olmayan yöntemleri kullananların ölüm kaygısı ve ölüme ilişkin depresyon düzeylerinin yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Ölüm kaygısı ile ölüme ilişkin depresyon arasında ve acil tıp hizmetlerinde çalışma süresi ile ölüme ilişkin depresyon arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı ilişki olduğu bulunmuştur.Sonuç: Bu çalışma acil tıp hizmeti veren sağlık personelinin psikolojik danışmanlık hizmetlerine ve ölümle başa çıkmada kullanabilecekleri etkin yöntemlere ilişkin eğitime ihtiyaçları olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. GirişAcil durum çalışanlarında görülen travmatik stres ve yaygınlığı konusunda, itfaiye çalışanları, [1][2][3] ruh sağlığı uzmanları, [4,5] polisler, [6][7][8] hekimler [9] ve arama-kurtarma çalışanları ile yapılmış olan çok sayıda araştırma [10][11][12][13][14][15] bulunmaktadır.Travmatik olaylara doğrudan maruz kalmasalar da, bu tür olayların ardından yardım çalışmalarında yer alan gruplardan biri olan acil tıp hizmeti veren sağlık personeli, yaptıkları gö-revden kaynaklı olarak ölüme karşı kaygı ve depresyon belirtilerinin ortaya çıkabileceği düşünülmektedir.Yardım çalışmalarında kişisel tehdit olasılığının yüksek olması, travmatik olaya ve bunun etkilerine doğrudan ve sü-rekli tanık olma, yaşamı tehdit eden olaylara maruz kalma, afetzedelerin yaşamlarını kurtarmaya yönelik müdahale-lerde bulunma, ağır yaralı ve cansız bedenleri enkazdan çı-karma çalışmalarında yer alma acil tıp hizmeti veren sağlık personelinde travmatik stres belirtilerini artırmaktadır. [12,16] Bireyin kendisinin ya da başkalarının maruz kaldığı tehdidin ciddiyetine ilişkin algısı, daha sonra ortaya çıkması olası tepkiler için önemli bir belirleyicidir. Birey olayı ne kadar

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“…Both trauma exposure and PTSD have also been associated with increased alcohol-related problems (Breslau et al 1997;Kessler, Crum et al 1997;Kilpatrick et al 2000;Ouimette et al 1996;Stewart et al 2004;Stewart et al 1998). Specifically, IPV has been associated with a greater likelihood of alcohol-related consequences (Rice et al 2001) and with heavy episodic drinking (Testa and Leonard 2001;Testa et al 2003).…”

Section: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Physical Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although it has been hypothesized that trauma exposure may lead to both problem drinking and to PTSD, and that these outcomes of trauma exposure lead to problems with physical health, few studies have specifically investigated PTSD, alcohol use, and health outcomes. Instead, studies have tended to (a) investigate only the relationship between trauma exposure, PTSD and alcohol but not consider physical health consequences (Breslau et al 1997;Breslau et al 2000;Kessler, Crum et al 1997;Kessler et al 1995;Kilpatrick et al 2000;Marx and Sloan 2003;Ouimette et al 1996;Stewart et al 2004) or (b) examine changes in health behaviors, as a group (e.g., examine alcohol use, smoking, and decreases in exercise as a single, combined variable), as a consequence of trauma exposure and PTSD rather than focusing more specifically on independent contributions to health outcomes (Dobie et al 2004;Lang et al 2003;Lawler et al 2005;Morland et al 2007;Ullman and Brecklin 2003;Ullman et al 2005). For example, in a study of women with substance use disorder diagnosis, PTSD was associated with significantly poorer functional health and well-being .…”

Section: The Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Posttraumatic stress disorder, alcohol use, and physical health concerns

et al. 2007

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PTSD is a risk factor for alcohol problems and both in turn have been independently associated with increased health problems. However, it is unclear whether alcohol use moderates the relationship between PTSD and health. Participants were battered women (N = 336) recruited from local domestic violence shelters and non-shelter victim-assistance agencies. A 2 (PTSD diagnosis) × 3 (abstainer, infrequent/light, regular/heavy drinking) ANCOVA was conducted, with injuries and length of abuse as covariates and health concerns as the dependent variable. Main effects for PTSD and alcohol use were significant but not the interaction. Women with PTSD reported the greatest number of health concerns. Women who abstained from drinking and those who drank regularly/heavily reported more health concerns than the infrequent/light drinkers. Health concerns associated with PTSD do not appear to be due to problem drinking. In addition, infrequent/light drinking, even for women with PTSD, may be associated with fewer health concerns.

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The relations of PTSD symptoms to alcohol use and coping drinking in volunteers who responded to the Swissair Flight 111 airline disaster

Cited by 125 publications

References 36 publications

Alcohol Use, Mental Health Status and Psychological Well-being 2 Years After the World Trade Center Attacks in New York City

Alcohol Use, Mental Health Status and Psychological Well-being 2 Years After the World Trade Center Attacks in New York City

Levels of Death Anxiety, Death Related Depression of Health Personnel Providing Emergency Medical Services and Their Coping Methods

Posttraumatic stress disorder, alcohol use, and physical health concerns

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