The relations of the Superficial and deep lobes of the parotid gland to the ducts and to the facial nerve

McWHORTER, Golder L.

doi:10.1002/ar.1090120107

Cited by 40 publications

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“…Gray's Anatomy (Williams, 1995) describes the duct as forming from two tributaries, but does not relate this to either the superficial or deep lobes. McWhorter (1917) believed that the duct was associated with the superficial lobe with the branching following no specific pattern. Davis (1956) found that the duct was contributed to by smaller ductules that arose from the superficial and deep lobes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surgical anatomy of the parotid duct with emphasis on the major tributaries forming the duct and the relationship of the facial nerve to the duct

et al. 2004

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Although there is a great amount in the literature to describe the anatomy of the parotid gland as a whole, little attention is given to the parotid duct. The purpose of this study is to examine the surgical anatomy of the parotid duct with special emphasis placed on the major tributaries forming the parotid duct and the relationship of the facial nerve to the duct. Twenty-nine fresh cadaver halves were dissected and the branching pattern of the ducts, position within the parotid, and their relationship to the facial nerve were studied. Of the complete heads studied, the parotid duct had the same pattern in 78.6% on the right and left sides. The parotid ducts in 31.0% of the half heads presented as a single discernible duct from parotid papilla to within the gland. In 62.1% of the half heads, the ducts were formed by a branching pattern within the gland. In the ducts with a branching pattern, 48.3% displayed a bifurcated pattern, 6.9% were trifurcated, and 6.9% had multiple branches. In 6.9% of the half heads studied, the parotid ducts bifurcated distal to the parotid gland. In all cases, the deep lobe of the parotid enveloped the parotid duct; only small ductules connected the superficial lobe with the duct. The facial nerve and its branches were always observed lateral to the parotid duct. Because one dissects lateral to the facial nerve during a superficial parotidectomy, generally the parotid duct remains intact and potential complications such as facial paralysis, sialoceles, and fistulizations are thereby minimized.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surgical anatomy of the parotid duct with emphasis on the major tributaries forming the duct and the relationship of the facial nerve to the duct

et al. 2004

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“…6 McWhorter (1917) said that the two lobes of parotid gland were connected by isthmus of the gland tissue from which the two main division of nerve passed between them. 7 They were cervico-facial and temporo-facial divisions. Rouviere & Cordier (1934) concluded that both Gregoire and McWhorter were partly correct, because after seeing two foetal parotid gland, they said that deep lobe was formed of tissue coming over the nerve as well as passing between the two main divisons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pleomorphic Adenoma Leading to Anatomical Division of the Parotid Gland

Dawat¹,

Sancheti²,

Velankar³

et al. 2015

jemds

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ABSTRACT:The parotid glands are paired salivary glands situated on either side of the face, between ear and ramus of mandible. The main trunk of facial nerve enters the posterior surface of the gland and quickly bifurcates into upper and lower divisions, which arbitrarily define the superficial and deep lobes of the parotid gland. There is no histological demarcation between these two lobes. We hereby present a case of a tumor that pathologically lead to anatomical division of the parotid gland.HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Naresh V. Dawat, Pooja Sancheti, Haritosh K. Velankar, Sharad B. Bhalekar, Akanksha Saberwal. "Pleomorphic Adenoma leading to anatomical division of the parotid gland

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“…In 1937, after coming across its superficial lobe accidentally during the course of an operation upon the parotid gland and subsequently being inspired by the anatomical studies of McWhorter (1917), I came to the conclusion that the parotid was a bilobed structure, and that the facial nerve lay not in the gland but between its two lobes; in short, that the facial nerve might be regarded as the meat within a parotid sandwich through it, and no other secre-ficial and deep lobes. tory gland has lymphatic nodes within its parenchyma.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…248 JuLY 31, 1948 SURGICAL ANATOMY OF THE PAROTID GLAND BRITISC textbook in English that makes any mention of the bilobed conception, and in the 1942 edition McWhorter's (1917) paper is quoted. On the other hand, the French school of anatomists have long accepted the newer teaching, and in their standard textbook (Rouviere, 1943) the account of the parotid salivary gland is replete with a description of the facial nerve lying between a superficial and a deep lobe.…”

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“…On the other hand, the French school of anatomists have long accepted the newer teaching, and in their standard textbook (Rouviere, 1943) the account of the parotid salivary gland is replete with a description of the facial nerve lying between a superficial and a deep lobe. In this connexion it should be emphasized that the American surgeon McWhorter (1917) admitted that he derived his ideas from the French surgeon Gregoire (1912).…”

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