The Relationship Among Anxiety Sensitivity, Psychache, and Suicidality in Patients With Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Demirkol, Mehmet Emin; Tamam, Lut; Namlı, Zeynep; Karaytuğ, Mahmut Onur; Yeşiloğlu, Caner

doi:10.1097/nmd.0000000000001534

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…The majority of psychache research has been conducted on its correlation with mental disorders, including schizophrenia [46], bipolar disorder [47], generalized anxiety disorder [48], and obsessive-compulsive disorder [49]. There is a dearth of studies on psychache among specific subgroups such as Hakka older adults in China.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychache status and associated contributing factors among the Hakka elderly in Fujian, China

Chen,

Cai,

Ruan

et al. 2024

BMC Psychiatry

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Background Little is known about the state of psychological distress of the elderly in China, and research on specific subgroups such as Hakka older adults is almost lacking. This study investigates psychache and associated factors among Hakka elderly in Fujian, China. Methods The data analysed in this study were derived from China’s Health-Related Quality of Life Survey for Older Adults 2018. The Chinese version of the Psychache Scale (PAS) was used to assess the frequency and intensity of psychache in Hakka older adults. Generalized linear regression analysis was conducted to identify the main socio-demographic factors associated with psychache overall and its frequency and intensity. Results A total of 1,262 older adults participated, with mean scores of 18.27 ± 6.88 for total PAS, 12.50 ± 4.79 for PAS-Frequency and 5.77 ± 2.34 for PAS-Intensity. On average, females scored higher than males on PAS-Frequency (β = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.34, 1.35) and PAS-Intensity (β = 0.48, 95% CI = 0.22, 0.73). Older adults currently living in towns (β = -2.18, 95% CI = -2.81, -1.54), with their spouse only (β = -3.71, 95% CI = -4.77, -2.65), or with children (β = -3.24, 95% CI = -4.26, -2.22) were more likely to score lower on PAS-Frequency. Conversely, older adults who were regular sleepers (β = -1.19, 95% CI =-1.49, -0.88) or lived with their spouse only (β = -1.25, 95% CI = -1.78, -0.72) were more likely to score lower on PAS-Intensity. Conclusion Among Hakka elderly, we found a higher frequency and greater intensity of psychache in females, those with poor health status, irregular sleepers, rural residents, solo dwellers, those with below CNY 10,000 in personal savings, and the medically uninsured. The study’s findings indicate that policymakers should give more attention to the susceptible population and implement practical interventions to reduce their psychological burden.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychache status and associated contributing factors among the Hakka elderly in Fujian, China

Chen,

Cai,

Ruan

et al. 2024

BMC Psychiatry

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“…People with high AS are sensitive to bodily sensations and thoughts of anxiety and often interpret these stimuli as harmful [5]. The associations between AS and panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and suicidal ideation have been studied and AS has been found to play a role in the development of psychopathologies [4,6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship Between Anxiety Symptoms, Anxiety Sensitivity, and Emotional Schemas in Patients Admitted to Psychiatry Outpatient Clinic

Bas Uluyol,

Senyasar Meterelliyoz

2023

Galician med. j.

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Introduction. Anxiety disorders are among the most common mental disorders being an important cause of disability as they impair the functionality of affected individuals. Our study aimed to evaluate the effects of anxiety sensitivity, which is one of the cognitive structures involved in the etiology and perpetuation of psychopathologies, and emotional schemas, which evaluate how people handle their emotions, on anxiety symptoms. Methods. One hundred participants who were admitted to the outpatient psychiatry clinic, agreed to participate in the study, and met the inclusion criteria were included in the study. The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-I), Leahy Emotional Schema Scale Turkish Version (LESS-T), and Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI-3) were administered to the participants. Results. A correlation analysis revealed a significant relationship between the BAI score and BDI-I score, ASI-3 total score, and LESS-T Uncontrollability, Weakness, Comprehensibility, Acceptance of Emotions, Rumination, Denial of Emotions, Validation subscale scores (p < 0.05). A logistic regression analysis that examined the risk factors predicting anxiety symptoms in individuals found that increasing BDI-I and ASI-3 total scores had an increasing effect on the development of anxiety, and an increase in the LESS-T Denial of Emotions subscore had a decreasing effect. Conclusions. Determining anxiety sensitivity and emotional schemas in patients with anxiety symptoms may be a guide in identifying and treating the risk factors for the development of anxiety disorders.

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“…The psychological pain theory argues that suicide is not just a drive toward death, but an escape from unbearable pain. The motivation to avoid pain is especially dangerous for depressed individuals because depression is often associated with decreased motivation to experience pleasure (Xie et al, 2014 ) as well as heightened sensitivity to anxiety (Demirkol et al, 2022 ). Although it is difficult to identify causal relationships between negative emotional states and clinical suicide ideation, extensive literature indicates that prolonged psychache can alter the mental schemas with which individuals perceive their surroundings and the prospects of recurring to suicide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive networks detect structural patterns and emotional complexity in suicide notes

et al. 2022

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Communicating one's mindset means transmitting complex relationships between concepts and emotions. Using network science and word co-occurrences, we reconstruct conceptual associations as communicated in 139 genuine suicide notes, i.e., notes left by individuals who took their lives. We find that, despite their negative context, suicide notes are surprisingly positively valenced. Through emotional profiling, their ending statements are found to be markedly more emotional than their main body: The ending sentences in suicide notes elicit deeper fear/sadness but also stronger joy/trust and anticipation than the main body. Furthermore, by using data from the Emotional Recall Task, we model emotional transitions within these notes as co-occurrence networks and compare their structure against emotional recalls from mentally healthy individuals. Supported by psychological literature, we introduce emotional complexity as an affective analog of structural balance theory, measuring how elementary cycles (closed triads) of emotion co-occurrences mix positive, negative and neutral states in narratives and recollections. At the group level, authors of suicide narratives display a higher complexity than healthy individuals, i.e., lower levels of coherently valenced emotional states in triads. An entropy measure identified a similar tendency for suicide notes to shift more frequently between contrasting emotional states. Both the groups of authors of suicide notes and healthy individuals exhibit less complexity than random expectation. Our results demonstrate that suicide notes possess highly structured and contrastive narratives of emotions, more complex than expected by null models and healthy populations.

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The Relationship Among Anxiety Sensitivity, Psychache, and Suicidality in Patients With Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Cited by 6 publications

References 55 publications

Psychache status and associated contributing factors among the Hakka elderly in Fujian, China

Psychache status and associated contributing factors among the Hakka elderly in Fujian, China

The Relationship Between Anxiety Symptoms, Anxiety Sensitivity, and Emotional Schemas in Patients Admitted to Psychiatry Outpatient Clinic

Cognitive networks detect structural patterns and emotional complexity in suicide notes

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