The Relationship Among Breastfeeding, Postpartum Depression, and Postpartum Weight in Mexican American Women

Abstract

Objective To determine if symptoms of postpartum depression and postpartum weight varied according to the level of breastfeeding among women of Mexican origin at 1 month and 6 months postpartum. Design We used data from a parent study in which promotoras interviewed new mothers of Mexican origin to encourage appropriate infant weight gain. We performed a secondary quantitative analysis to study the differences in postpartum weight and depression among the mothers in the study who breastfed and those who did not. Setting and Participants The study occurred in a heavily Hispanic community located in a major southwest city. The sample consisted of 150 women of Mexican origin who enrolled during their third trimesters in a local Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children clinic and were followed for 6 months. Methods Weight was measured at 1 month and at 6 months postpartum at home visits with validated digital scales. Breastfeeding was measured with monthly phone calls to record the level of breastfeeding according to World Health Organization criteria. Depression was measured at home visits at 1 month and 6 months by the Edinburg Postpartum Depression Scale. Results At 6 months postpartum, women who did not breastfeed had the highest scores on the Edinburgh Depression Scale, while the women who breastfed non-exclusively had the lowest scores (p = .067). Considering both time points, there was a significant difference in weight (p = .017) between women who were doing any breastfeeding and women who were not breastfeeding. Conclusions Breastfeeding, even if not exclusive, contributed to lower depression scores and significantly lower postpartum weight among this sample of Mexican American women.

Protocol of the Snuggle Bug/Acurrucadito Study: a longitudinal study investigating the influences of sleep-wake patterns and gut microbiome development in infancy on rapid weight gain, an early risk factor for obesity

“…Maternal characteristics with clear associations to infant RWG or GM development will be assessed. These include pre-pregnancy BMI, gestational weight gain, parity, birth spacing, pregnancy history (e.g., route of delivery, antibiotics for group B Streptococcus), pregnancy complications, medical history and health throughout the study (including antibiotic exposure), acculturation via the Brief Acculturation Rating Scale for Mexican Americans [ 96 ] which also has been used in other Spanish speaking populations, depression via the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale [ 97 , 98 ], stress and anxiety via Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 [ 97 , 99 ], infant feeding knowledge and intentions via the Breastfeeding Attrition Prediction Tool [ 100 , 101 ]. Other maternal factors that remain unclear with regard to RWG will also be explored in analyses, including age, race/ethnicity, education, nativity, length of time in the U.S., employment status, shift work status, return to work timing [ 102 ], perceived discrimination via the Everyday Discrimination Scale [ 103 ], perceived parental competency via the Parental Sense of Competence Scale [ 104 ], Maternal Cognitions about Infant Sleep Questionnaire [ 105 ], and COVID-19 pandemic experiences during pregnancy and immediately postpartum with the Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Impacts of the COVID-19 Outbreak on Pregnancy - Recall questionnaire [ 106 ].…”

Naujagimių Maitinimas Vilniaus Miesto Klinikinėje Ligoninėje: Kelias Palankios Naujagimiams Ligoninės Link

“…Nustatyta trumpalaikė ir ilgalaikė žindymo nauda motinai: rečiau pasitaiko pogimdyminių komplikacijų (kraujavimas), žindančios moterys rečiau serga pogimdyvine depresija, krūties vėžiu [2,7,8,9]. Žindymas vienareikšmiš-kai naudingas net ekonominiu požiūriu [10].…”

Žindymo Reikšmė Naujagimiui Ir Motinai, Veiksniai, Turintys Įtakos Žindymui. Literatūros Apžvalga

“…Nustatyta trumpalaikė ir ilgalaikė žindymo nauda motinai: rečiau pasitaiko pogimdyminių komplikacijų (kraujavimas) [1], žindančios moterys rečiau serga pogimdyvine depresija [28,29], nustatyta mažesnė krūties vėžio rizika ankstyvame amžiuje, jei žindymas tęsėsi ilgiau nei 4 mėn. [30].…”