“…Current studies have also focused on demographic variables of students, including, age, gender, education, vicarious experience, and experiences of change (Davidsson, 1995), as well as area of specialization, class, degree, batches, parent's occupation and family annual income (Kumara & Kumar, 2010) as a variety of factors that influences self-employment convictions and intentions. More recently, selfefficacy beliefs have also been regarded as a significant factor, on the basis that individuals who believe they have the necessary personality attributes and characteristics start-up a new business venture and are more likely to do so (Baidi & Suyatno, 2018;Mahmood, Sarfraz, Ramzan & Abdullah, 2018;Ndofirepi, Rambe & Dzansi, 2018;Travis & Freeman, 2017).…”