The relationship between agenesis of third molar and craniofacial morphology in orthodontic patients

Moghadam, Mahdjoube Goldani; Etemadi, Farzane; Akbari, Neda

doi:10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_110_18

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…However, their prevalence and morphology are important to all specialties of dentistry (surgical, restorative, prosthetic, orthodontic, endodontic); many studies collected data about their presence, shape, and gender differences. Phylogenetic tendencies and changes in diet are associated with fewer teeth, with populational variations regarding the geographic region, ethnic group, gender, maxillary or mandibular jaw, craniofacial morphology, craniofacial deformities, such as cleft lip and palate, or genetic factors involved in tooth agenesis [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]. A higher incidence of agenesis among the third molars, together with a general higher prevalence in maxilla compared to mandible, has been reported for tooth number 18 in several studies [ 4 , 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A rare find of a maxillary third molar with five roots: a case report of an unusual morphology

Andrei¹,

Ciavoi²,

Dina³

et al. 2023

Rom J Morphol Embryol

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Third molars are frequently absent or impacted; their unpredictable prevalence and morphology, with frequent anatomical variations, is a challenge for the practitioner. The number of roots of the upper third molars vary from one to five, but five roots upper third molars’ cases are extremely rare. The case reported here is of a normotrophic male patient, with no significant general medical history, having extracted an impacted maxillary upper molar, with an unusual position and dimensions and five completely separated formed roots, orientated in diverse directions. It highlights the importance of using the correct surgical technique, without excessive pressure, for avoiding the fracture of the maxillary tuberosity, the displacement of the molar into the pterygopalatine fossa or the opening of the maxillary sinus, especially in the absence of good quality imagistic information like cone-beam computed tomography. The case presented in this paper is very rare and highlights the significance of anatomical knowledge, which is mandatory for managing these cases, to avoid trauma, accidents, and complications and to maintain an optimal time of extraction, since such variations occur, and the conventional radiographs do not offer enough data to clarify the diagnosis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A rare find of a maxillary third molar with five roots: a case report of an unusual morphology

Andrei¹,

Ciavoi²,

Dina³

et al. 2023

Rom J Morphol Embryol

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“…For decades, orthodontists have debated the routine engagement of second molars due to the technical difficulty of bonding or banding the teeth. 2,3 However, as surgical patients have third molars that are often impacted, extracted, or absent, 4,5 second molars usually serve as the terminal teeth in the orthognathic setup. It was observed that Class III surgical patients have second molars lacking in adequate buccal root torque, 6 while Class I and II surgical patients did not share this feature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anteroposterior skeletofacial classification and its relationship to maxillary second molar buccopalatal angulation

Levine¹,

Matthews²,

Salama³

et al. 2020

The Angle Orthodontist

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Objective To compare second molar angulation to the occlusal plane with cephalometric measurements corresponding to AP skeletal discrepancy. Materials and Methods 72 patients' pre-orthodontic records were analyzed. A plane was constructed along the cusps of the upper second molar and measured to a proxy for the occlusal plane. The angle between the planes was measured. ANB, Wits appraisal, U1-SN, IMPA, A-B perpendicular to Frankfort, and overjet were measured on the patients' cephalograms. Generalized additive mixed model analysis was performed to analyze the relationship between the second molar angulation and the cephalometric measurements. Results All six cephalometric measurements showed a significant relationship with the second molar angulation, with Class III patients having a larger angle than Class II and I patients. Conclusions Class III patients have upper second molars that are significantly tipped from the occlusal plane. The second molars require special attention for correction prior to orthognathic surgery for Class III patients in order to avoid deleterious effects from the malpositioned teeth.

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Zusammenhang zwischen kraniofazialen Mustern und Aplasie der dritten Molaren bei kieferorthopädischen Patienten

et al. 2023

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Purpose Third molar agenesis (TMA) is the most common craniofacial anomaly and has been associated with craniofacial patterns in different populations. Therefore, the aim of this retrospective cross-sectional study was to assess a possible association between craniofacial patterns and TMA in German orthodontic patients. Methods Patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with dental records including anamnesis, pretreatment lateral cephalograms and orthopantomograms were evaluated. Cephalometric analyses were conducted digitally and lines, angles and proportions were measured to investigate craniofacial morphology. Skeletal classes were determined by the individualised Wits appraisal and ANB angle. The TMA was identified with the help of orthopantomograms. Patients showing agenesis of at least one third molar were included in the TMA group. Statistical analysis was performed to assess the association between TMA and craniofacial patterns (α of p ≤ 0.05). Results A total of 148 patients were included, 40 (27.0%) presented at least one missing tooth (TMA group) and 108 (73.0%) showed full dentition (control group). Skeletal class determined by the individualised Wits appraisal revealed statistical significance between the TMA and control groups (p = 0.022), in which TMA patients were 11 times more likely to present with an individualised skeletal class III (odds ratio 11.3, 95% confidence interval 1.7–139.5). Skeletal cephalometric analysis revealed no statistical differences between TMA and control groups for any further angular, linear and proportional parameters. Conclusion Third molar agenesis was associated with skeletal class III determined by the individualised Wits appraisal.

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The relationship between agenesis of third molar and craniofacial morphology in orthodontic patients

Cited by 4 publications

References 29 publications

A rare find of a maxillary third molar with five roots: a case report of an unusual morphology

A rare find of a maxillary third molar with five roots: a case report of an unusual morphology

Anteroposterior skeletofacial classification and its relationship to maxillary second molar buccopalatal angulation

Zusammenhang zwischen kraniofazialen Mustern und Aplasie der dritten Molaren bei kieferorthopädischen Patienten

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