The Relationship between Anxiety Levels and Perceived Social Support during the Pandemic of COVID-19 in Turkey

Özmete, Emine; Pak, Melike

doi:10.1080/19371918.2020.1808144

Cited by 100 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…This indicates that living in a neighborhood with high social capital seems to be protective when it comes to maintaining wellbeing during times of crisis. Several studies from various countries have found protective effects from social support and social networks during the COVID-19 pandemic (e.g., Killgore et al, 2020;Özmete and Pak, 2020;Qi et al, 2020;Yu et al, 2020;Skalski et al, 2021). The findings in our study need to be interpreted carefully considering the threat of a selection bias.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Impact of COVID-19 on Neighborhood Social Support and Social Interactions in Umeå Municipality, Sweden

Zetterberg

Santosa

et al. 2021

Front. Sustain. Cities

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The objectives are to, for neighborhoods with different levels of social capital, (1) map out the levels of social interactions, emotional support, and instrumental support before the COVID-19 crisis, (2) analyze how social interactions, emotional support, and instrumental support had changed during the pandemic and, (3) analyze changes in self-rated health during the pandemic. This study is based on a telephone survey with a subsample of 168 respondents in Umeå municipality who participated in a large base-line social capital survey in 2006. We asked whether neighbors talk to, care for, and help each other, before and during the Covid crisis. Individuals rated their health as poor or good. We compared people's self-rated health and their perceptions about their neighborhoods between those who lived in high or low/medium social capital neighborhoods. Before the pandemic, participants in high social capital neighborhoods reported more active neighborhood interaction and support. During the crisis, social interaction and support increased in all neighborhoods, but more in high social capital neighborhoods. Overall, people seemed to help and care for each other more during than before the crisis. More individuals in the high social capital neighborhoods reported improvement in their health during the pandemic, than those in the low/medium social capital neighborhoods. Our findings indicate that neighborhoods social capital can be strengthened during a crisis, in particular in areas with existing high levels of social capital. The findings need to be interpreted carefully due to its small sample size but observed patterns warrant further investigation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Impact of COVID-19 on Neighborhood Social Support and Social Interactions in Umeå Municipality, Sweden

Zetterberg

Santosa

et al. 2021

Front. Sustain. Cities

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“…In the study conducted by Yağcı and Akfırat (2020), it was found that the traumatic stress levels experienced by individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic were below average, while the perceived social support levels were above average. In the studies conducted by Özmete and Pak (2020) during the COVID-19 pandemic, it was determined that the perceived social support levels were high, and the perceived social support from the family was higher than other dimensions. In another study by Bozdağ and Ergün (2020) on healthcare professionals, it was found that the perceived social support from family members was higher.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does social support affect perceived stress? A research during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey

Özer

Özkan

Budak

et al. 2020

Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment

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This study aims to examine the effects of multidimensional social support perceptions on the stress levels of people aged 18 and over. The universe of the study consists of individuals aged 18 and over living in Turkey; 802 people participated in the study where the convenience sampling method was used. The data were collected through a questionnaire created on the internet via Google Form. Descriptive statistical methods, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were used to analyze the data. According to the results of the correlation analysis, negative and low-level relationships were found between perceived stress and the friend and the significant other dimensions of multidimensional social support, while negative and moderate relationships were found between perceived stress and family dimension. According to the regression analysis results, multidimensional social support explains 11% of the total variance in perceived stress. In the regression model, when the t-test results regarding the significance of the regression coefficient are examined, it is observed that the increase in the perceptions of the participants about the family dimension decreases the perceived stress levels statistically.

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“…The physical and social isolation caused by social distancing may cause individuals to lose their emotional ties with significant others, thereby leading to weaker social support [ 34 ]. Social support decreased anxiety levels during COVID-19 [ 35 ]. However, those living in foreign countries were likely living alone as well as at a considerable distance from their relatives and acquaintances, which heightened the likelihood of their experiencing psychological symptoms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress, Anxiety, and Depression for Chinese Residents in Japan during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Umeda

2021

IJERPH

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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has profoundly affected the psychological well-being of foreign residents. This study examines stress, anxiety, and depression levels in Chinese residents in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic. It identifies risk factors and the roles of disaster preparedness and social support. An online survey among Chinese residents in Japan was conducted from 22 June to 14 July 2020. The Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale, Disaster Preparedness for Resilience Checklist, and Social Support Rate Scale were used to measure psychological symptoms. Multivariable linear regressions identified the risk factors and positive effects of disaster preparedness and social support. Of the total 497 participants, 45.3%, 66.6%, and 54.3% reported severe stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms, respectively. People with a lower level of education, a higher level of economic influence, the presence of COVID-19 symptoms, and confirmed or suspected family or friends in China were associated with higher levels of stress, anxiety, and depression. This study, to the best of our knowledge, is the first survey to reveal the protective role of disaster preparedness in reducing psychological symptoms during the pandemic. It offers unique data for further research on how to promote the mental health of vulnerable populations including foreign residents.

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The Relationship between Anxiety Levels and Perceived Social Support during the Pandemic of COVID-19 in Turkey

Cited by 100 publications

References 35 publications

Impact of COVID-19 on Neighborhood Social Support and Social Interactions in Umeå Municipality, Sweden

Impact of COVID-19 on Neighborhood Social Support and Social Interactions in Umeå Municipality, Sweden

Does social support affect perceived stress? A research during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey

Stress, Anxiety, and Depression for Chinese Residents in Japan during the COVID-19 Pandemic

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