The relationship between body mass index, binge eating disorder and suicidality

Brown, Kristal Lyn; LaRose, Jessica Gokee; Mezuk, Briana

doi:10.1186/s12888-018-1766-z

Cited by 34 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In addition to the student status, gender can be a factor influencing the occurrence of ED [42]. Research findings indicate that AN, BN, and BED are more commonly found among women than men [43][44][45][46]. Similarly, in our study, more women showed the symptoms of ED.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Orthorexic Tendency and Eating Disorders Symptoms in Polish Students: Examining Differences in Eating Behaviors

Plichta

Jeżewska-Zychowicz

2020

Nutrients

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Orthorexia nervosa (ON) may precede, ensue, or coexist with eating disorders (ED) and also affect eating behaviors. The aim of this study was to explore the dietary patterns (DPs) and other eating habits of people showing ON tendency, ED symptoms, and both ON tendency and ED symptoms, as well as those not showing either. The data for the study were collected from a sample of 1120 Polish college students through a cross-sectional survey in 2017. The questionnaire used in the survey included the ORTO-15, the Eating Disorder Screen for Primary Care (ESP), and the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ-6), and the students were also asked questions about their eating habits and special diets. A factor analysis was conducted to identify the following five DPs: “high-sugar products and refined products,” “meat and meat products,” “alcohol,” “high-fiber products and nuts,” and “dairy products and whole-meal bread.” Univariate logistic regression analyses were carried out to verify the associations between the variables. Students in the “ON and without ED” group were found to exhibit more healthy eating habits than the students in the “ED and without ON” group. The use of a special diet in the past and currently increased the risk of displaying ON tendency and ED symptoms. Students in the “ON and without ED” and “ON and ED” groups were characterized by less frequent consumption of high-sugar and refined products. Students who rarely consumed meat and related products were found to be less likely to display “ON and ED.” In conclusion, different eating habits shown by people with ON tendency and ED symptoms confirmed the difference between ON and ED. However, the simultaneous displaying of ON and ED leads to the overlapping of specificity of eating habits, which can make the diagnosis based only on the eating habits difficult. Thus, there is still a need for further research involving the use of more sensitive tools that can better identify ON tendency and ED symptoms, as well as DPs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Orthorexic Tendency and Eating Disorders Symptoms in Polish Students: Examining Differences in Eating Behaviors

Plichta

Jeżewska-Zychowicz

2020

Nutrients

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“…Our clinical observations are supported by current literature showing that medical and social challenges worsen with increasing BMI [21,[39][40][41][42]. For instance, as BMI increases there is a higher prevalence of binge eating [43,44], social discrimination [39] and other co-morbid conditions [8,9], all of which are known contributors to co-morbid psychological conditions such as anxiety and depression [45][46][47][48][49]. The presence of any one of these factors strongly predicts poor adherence to dietary and lifestyle treatments for obesity [50][51][52].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Effectiveness and Characterization of Severely Energy-Restricted Diets in People with Class III Obesity: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Maston

Gibson

Kahlaee

et al. 2019

Behavioral Sciences

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Severely energy-restricted diets are used in obesity management, but their efficacy in people with class III obesity (body mass index ≥40 kg/m2) is uncertain. The aims of this systematic review and meta-analysis were to determine the effectiveness and characteristics of severely energy-restricted diets in people with class III obesity. As there was a lack of publications reporting long-term dietary interventions and randomised controlled trial designs, our original publication inclusion criteria were broadened to include uncontrolled study designs and a higher upper limit of energy intake. Eligible publications reported studies including adults with class III obesity and that assessed a diet with daily energy intake ≤5000 kJ for ≥4 weeks. Among 572 unique publications from 4 databases, 11 were eligible and 10 were suitable for meta-analysis. Our original intention was to classify comparison arms into short-term (<6 months) and long-term (>1 year) interventions. Due to the lack of long-term data found, comparison arms were classified according to the commonalities in dietary intervention length among the included publications, namely dietary interventions of 4 weeks’ duration and those of ≥6 weeks’ duration. After a 4-week severely energy-restricted diet intervention, the pooled average weight loss was 9.81 (95% confidence interval 10.80, 8.83) kg, with a 95% prediction interval of 6.38 to 13.25 kg, representing a loss of approximately 4.1 to 8.6% of initial body weight. Diets ≥6 weeks’ duration produced 25.78 (29.42, 22.15) kg pooled average weight loss, with a 95% prediction interval of 13.77 to 37.80 kg, representing approximately 10.2 to 28.0% weight loss. Daily dietary prescriptions ranged from 330 to 5000 kJ (mean ± standard deviation 2260 ± 1400 kJ), and had wide variations in macronutrient composition. The diets were administered mostly via liquid meal replacement products. While the included publications had a moderate risk of bias score, which may inflate reported weight loss outcomes, the published data to date suggest that severely energy-restricted diets, delivered via diets of varying composition, effectively produce clinically relevant weight loss (≥10% of initial body weight) when used for 6 weeks or more in people with class III obesity.

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“…The lack of any direct association between suicidal behaviour and BMI in our sample could be understood in terms of the recent findings of population‐based studies. These studies indicated that suicidal behaviour is higher among underweight individuals (BMI < 20 kg/m 2 ) and people with extreme obesity (BMI ≥ 35 kg/m 2 ) which indicate a U‐shaped or curvilinear relationship . This complex type of relationship is difficult to investigate in our sample, which mainly comprised individuals with an average BMI with a few overweight exceptions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Association between leptin levels and severity of suicidal behaviour in schizophrenia spectrum disorders

Gohar

Dieset

Steen

et al. 2019

Acta Psychiatr Scand

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Objective Associations between suicidality and lipid dysregulation are documented in mental illness, but the potential role of leptin remains unclear. We examined the association between leptin and suicidal behaviour in schizophrenia, together with the influence of other clinical and biological indices. Method We recruited a sample of 270 participants with schizophrenia spectrum diagnoses. Blood samples were analysed for leptin, while symptom severity was assessed by Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (IDS‐C). Patients' history of suicidal behaviour was categorized into three subgroups based on IDS‐C suicide subscale: No suicidal behaviour, mild/moderate suicidal behaviour and severe suicidal behaviour with/without attempts. Results Mild/moderate suicidal behaviour was present in 17.4% and severe suicidal behaviour in 34.8%. Both groups were significantly associated with female gender (OR = 6.0, P = 0.004; OR = 5.9, P = 0.001), lower leptin levels (OR = 0.4, P = 0.008; OR = 0.5, P = 0.008) and more severe depression (OR = 1.2, P < 0.001; OR = 1.1, P < 0.001) respectively. Smoking (OR = 2.6, P = 0.004), younger age of onset (OR = 0.9, P = 0.003) and less use of leptin‐increasing medications (OR = 0.5, P = 0.031) were associated with severe/attempts group, while higher C‐reactive protein CRP (OR = 1.3, P = 0.008) was associated with mild/moderate group. Conclusion Lower leptin levels were associated with higher severity of suicidal behaviour in schizophrenia.

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The relationship between body mass index, binge eating disorder and suicidality

Cited by 34 publications

References 40 publications

Orthorexic Tendency and Eating Disorders Symptoms in Polish Students: Examining Differences in Eating Behaviors

Orthorexic Tendency and Eating Disorders Symptoms in Polish Students: Examining Differences in Eating Behaviors

Effectiveness and Characterization of Severely Energy-Restricted Diets in People with Class III Obesity: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Association between leptin levels and severity of suicidal behaviour in schizophrenia spectrum disorders

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