The Relationship Between Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index and Left Atrial Phasic Function in Hypertensive Patients With Preserved Ejection Fraction

Abstract

Background: To investigate the relationship between arterial stiffness, reflected by cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) value, and left atrial (LA) phasic function in hypertensive patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).Methods: We retrospectively studied 165 consecutive patients (mean age, 66.5 ± 11.7 years) diagnosed with hypertension with preserved LVEF who had undergone CAVI measurement and echocardiography on the same day. The latter included speckle-tracking echocardiography to assess LA phasic function (reservoir, conduit, and pump strain) and left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LVGLS).Results: The results of univariate analysis showed CAVI value to be correlated with LA reservoir strain and LA conduit strain (r = −0.387 and −0.448, respectively; both P < 0.0001). The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed CAVI value to be independently related to age (β = 0.241, P = 0.002) and LA conduit strain (β = −0.386, P = 0.021) but not LV mass index, LA volume index, or LV systolic function (including LVGLS).Conclusion: In hypertensive patients with preserved LVEF, increased CAVI value appears to be independently associated with impaired LA phasic function (particularly LA conduit function) before LA and LV remodeling. CAVI determination to assess arterial stiffness may be useful in the early detection of interactions between cardiovascular abnormalities in hypertensive patients.

The Prevention of the New Onset of Heart Failure in Hypertensive Patients

“…Namba et al also found no link between the CAVI and LAD (47). These results were similar in patients with HT and HFpEF based on HT (48)(49)(50).…”

A Case of Young Obese Heart Failure Patient Using Multidisciplinary Treatment Centered on the Fantastic Four Improved Cardio Ankle Vascular Index and Cardiac Function

“…Cardiovascular interaction has recently been demonstrated using CAVI, not only in the left heart system but also in the right heart system. 9,10 Recently, much evidence has been reported on SGLT2 inhibitors and ARNI for heart failure. [11][12][13] However, there has not yet been a report using CAVI that focuses on effects of the "Fantastic Four" on the cardiovascular interaction.…”

Sacubitril/Valsartan Shows Improvement of the Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index in a Hypertensive Patient

“…Recently, the concept of cardiovascular interaction was proposed using CAVI. [10][11][12] CAVI reflects smooth muscle cell contraction and relaxation. As for the effects on BP and CAVI, in the present case, when the sacubitril/valsartan dose was tapered from 400 mg to 200 mg, CAVI increased without any changes in cardiac function, such as global longitudinal strain (Table 1).…”