The relationship between cellphone use and achievement goals in junior high school students: A cross‐lagged analysis

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between cellphone use and achievement goals in junior high school students. The participants were 282 students randomly selected from a secondary school in Xi'an, China. The Frequency of Cellphone Use Questionnaire and the Achievement Goal Questionnaire were used as measurement tools. The results showed that cellphone use at Time 1 (T1) was significantly associated with performance goals orientation and with mastery goals orientation at both times; cellphone use at Time 2 (T2) was not correlated with performance goals orientation or mastery goals orientation at T1. The cross‐lagged analysis showed a negative causal relationship between the frequency of cellphone use and mastery goals but no causal relationship between the frequency of cellphone use and performance goals. These results may be helpful for guiding adolescents to reduce cellphone use, pay attention to the mastery of knowledge, and establish mastery goals.

Smartphone use motivation and problematic smartphone use in a national representative sample of Chinese adolescents: The mediating roles of smartphone use time for various activities

“…Most teenagers use smartphones in their daily lives to communicate with each other (e.g., call, send messages, e-mails) or to have fun (e.g., watch videos and play games) but rarely use smartphone to engage in academic activities (e.g., finding learning materials) ( Jacobsen & Forste, 2011 ). Given that Chinese parents and teachers tend to be more focused on children's academic performance ( Bai, Ma, Liu, Zhang, & Rasool, 2019 ), a better understanding of various types of smartphone use motivations (including academic and non-academic motivations) and how these motivations relate to their smartphone use and PSU will provide insights for parents and teachers as well as policy makers to promote their instrumental use rather than entertainment use.…”

“…Thus, both smartphone use motivations and time should be taken into account to reduce adolescents' risk for PSU. Given the central focus on academic achievement in the Chinese society, Chinese parents and teachers tend to forbid children's smartphone use without considering the various types of smartphone use motivation and use for different activities ( Bai et al, 2019 ). Based on our findings, Chinese parents and teachers should instruct adolescents to more engage in learning activities with the assistance of smartphones rather than excessive entertainment activities.…”

“…Based on our findings, Chinese parents and teachers should instruct adolescents to more engage in learning activities with the assistance of smartphones rather than excessive entertainment activities. In fact, Chinese adolescents should be informed that excessive entertainment use of smartphone may undermine their mastery goals orientation (i.e., the focus is on developing rather than demonstrating competence), which is essential for their future success ( Bai et al, 2019 ; Dweck, 2013 ). Moreover, we may not only pay attention to adolescents' overall amount of smartphone use time, but also consider the sub-amount of smartphone use time for various activities for more targeted interventions, especially monitoring the time on entertainment and communication ( Bae, 2017 ; Jeong et al, 2016 ; Salehan & Negahban, 2013 ).…”

Materialism and envy as mediators between upward social comparison on social network sites and online compulsive buying among college students

“…The subscale from the Iowa-Netherlands Comparison Orientation Scale’s Chinese translation was used to explore upward social comparison on SNS ( Bai et al, 2013 ), which was originally developed by Gibbons and Buunk (1999) . This scale’s validity and reliability have been demonstrated among Chinese undergraduates ( Liu et al, 2019 ).…”

“…The hypothesized model. on SNS (Bai et al, 2013), which was originally developed by Gibbons and Buunk (1999). This scale's validity and reliability have been demonstrated among Chinese undergraduates (Liu et al, 2019).…”