The Relationship Between Cigarette Smoking and Quality of Life After Lung Cancer Diagnosis

Garces, Yolanda I.; Yang, Ping; Parkinson, Julia; Zhao, Xinghua; Wampfler, Jason A.; Ebbert, Jon O.; Sloan, Jeff A.

doi:10.1378/chest.126.6.1733

Cited by 213 publications

(181 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…29 The results regarding 7 of the 9 individual items were clinically and statistically significant. This means that persistent smokers had worse appetite, fatigue, cough, shortness of breath, symptomatic distress, effect on activities, and overall quality of life compared with never-smokers, with ex-smokers and abstinent smokers having intermediate adjusted LCSS.…”

Section: Clinical Importance Of Smoking Cessation On Quality Of Lifementioning

confidence: 89%

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Clinical Significance of Smoking Cessation in Subjects With Cancer: A 30-Year Review

Florou¹,

Gkiozos

Tsagouli

et al. 2014

Respir Care

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BACKGROUND: Despite the established causal relationship between tobacco smoking and cancer, many cancer patients continue to smoke after diagnosis. This partly reflects ignorance of the beneficial effects of smoking cessation, even after diagnosis. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the effects of continuing or quitting smoking in patients with diagnosed cancer. METHODS: The study was based on a review of medical databases (PubMed Central, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library) in the last 30 y. All articles included in the present analysis were in English. RESULTS: In subjects with early-stage lung cancer, continued smoking after diagnosis is associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality and decreased survival. Research has demonstrated significant differences in actuarial overall survival favoring the non-smoking group among subjects with lung cancer. In subjects with oral cancer, smoking cessation or reduction leads to a significant reduction in mortality. There is also evidence that tobacco smoking aggravates and prolongs radiotherapyinduced complications. Of particular importance is evidence that continued smoking is associated with adverse effects during anti-cancer treatment. Smoking promotes tumor progression and increases resistance to chemotherapy due to nicotine-induced resistance to apoptosis by modulating mitochondrial signaling. Continued smoking is also related to inferior outcomes of treatment with novel targeted therapies such as erlotinib. Smoking in subjects with gastric and lung cancer is also associated with an increased risk of developing second primary tumors. Quitting smoking after lung cancer diagnosis is associated with a better performance status, whereas persistent smokers have worse overall quality of life. Subjects who continue to smoke despite being diagnosed with cancer report more severe pain than subjects who have never smoked and greater pain-related functional impairment. CONCLUSIONS: Continued smoking after cancer diagnosis is related to reduced treatment efficacy and reduced survival, increased risk for second primary malignancies, and deterioration of quality of life.

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Section: Clinical Importance Of Smoking Cessation On Quality Of Lifementioning

confidence: 89%

“…29 Smokers were classified as never-smokers, ex-smokers, or current smokers. The total number of packs/d and total number of pack-years of the smoking history were recorded.…”

Section: Clinical Importance Of Smoking Cessation On Quality Of Lifementioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Significance of Smoking Cessation in Subjects With Cancer: A 30-Year Review

Florou¹,

Gkiozos

Tsagouli

et al. 2014

Respir Care

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“…Smoking cessation can improve survival, treatment efficacy, and improve overall quality of life [2][3][4] . Approximately half of all smokers have quit prior to their diagnosis 5 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoking Cessation and Lung Cancer: Oncology Nurses Can Make a Difference

Cooley¹,

Sipples²,

Murphy³

et al. 2008

Seminars in Oncology Nursing

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OBJECTIVES-Provide an overview of the impact of smoking after a diagnosis of lung cancer, discuss the relationship between smoking cessation and improved outcomes during the lung cancer trajectory, present information about tobacco dependence evidence-based treatments, reimbursement for these treatments, and tobacco-related resources available for patients and health care professionals, and emphasize the important role of nurses.DATA SOURCES-Published articles, reports, websites, and research studies.CONCLUSION-Tobacco use is associated with 30% of cancer deaths. Prevention of tobacco use and cessation are primary ways to prevent lung cancer. However, even after a diagnosis of lung cancer, smoking cessation is important in improving survival and quality of life. Although effective tobacco dependence treatments are available to help smokers quit smoking, persistent efforts over repeated contacts may be necessary to achieve long-term cessation.IMPLICATION FOR NURSING PRACTICE-Oncology nursing action is essential in the identification of and intervention with patients who struggle with tobacco dependence after diagnosis. Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. Lung cancer is one of the most common smoking-related malignancies accounting for the second most common cancer, and the leading cause of cancer death in men and women in the United States (US). Lung cancer causes more deaths than the next three most common cancers (breast, colorectal and prostate) combined. An estimated 160, 390 deaths will occur from lung cancer during 2007. It is estimated that 90% of lung cancers are related to smoking. 1 NIH Public AccessAuthor Manuscript Semin Oncol Nurs. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2009 February 1.Although the link between smoking and lung cancer is well-established, the benefits of smoking cessation after a diagnosis of lung cancer are not as widely recognized. Smoking cessation can improve survival, treatment efficacy, and improve overall quality of life 2-4 . Approximately half of all smokers have quit prior to their diagnosis 5 . Despite a diagnosis of cancer, the addictive properties of nicotine can make quitting difficult and the risk for relapse high. This article provides an overview of the impact of continued smoking after a diagnosis of lung cancer and the importance of smoking cessation. The benefits of quitting, and the important role of the oncology nurse in assisting these efforts, will be emphasized along with strategies to incorporate smoking cessation interventions into the clinical setting. Smoking Prevalence Rates and the Benefits of Ce...

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“…Smoking cessation is one intervention which is under direct control of the patient and which could have a positive impact on their outcomes leading a patient who quits to feel empowered [20]. Equally, those who have never smoked, or continue to smoke may feel more nihilistic about their outcomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between smoking and quality of life in advanced lung cancer patients: a prospective longitudinal study

Danson

Rowland

Rowe

et al. 2015

Support Care Cancer

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PurposeSmoking is a major cause of lung cancer and continued smoking may compromise treatment efficacy and quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with advanced lung cancer.Our aims were to determine i) preference for treatments which promote quality over length of life depending on smoking status, ii) the relationship between HRQoL and smoking status at diagnosis (T1), after controlling for demographic and clinical variables and iii) changes in HRQoL 6 months after diagnosis (T2) depending on smoking status. Methods296 patients with advanced lung cancer were given questionnaires to assess HRQoL (EORTC-QLQ-C30), time-trade off for life quality versus quantity (QQQ) and smoking history (current, former or never smoker) at diagnosis (T1) and six months later (T2). Medical data were extracted from case records. ResultsQuestionnaires were returned by 202 (68.2%) patients at T1 and 114 (53.3%) at T2.Patients favoured treatments that would enhance quality of life over increased longevity. Those who continued smoking after diagnosis reported worse HRQoL than former smokers or those who never smoked. Smoking status was a significant independent predictor of coughing in T1 (worse in smokers), and Cognitive Functioning in T2 (better in never-smokers).3 ConclusionsSmoking by patients with advanced lung cancer is associated with worse symptoms on diagnosis and poorer HRQoL for those who continue smoking. The results have implications to help staff explain the consequences of smoking to patients.

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The Relationship Between Cigarette Smoking and Quality of Life After Lung Cancer Diagnosis

Cited by 213 publications

References 23 publications

Clinical Significance of Smoking Cessation in Subjects With Cancer: A 30-Year Review

Clinical Significance of Smoking Cessation in Subjects With Cancer: A 30-Year Review

Smoking Cessation and Lung Cancer: Oncology Nurses Can Make a Difference

The relationship between smoking and quality of life in advanced lung cancer patients: a prospective longitudinal study

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