2021
DOI: 10.1016/s2542-5196(20)30301-6
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The relationship between cultural tightness–looseness and COVID-19 cases and deaths: a global analysis

Abstract: Background The COVID-19 pandemic is a global health crisis, yet certain countries have had far more success in limiting COVID-19 cases and deaths. We suggest that collective threats require a tremendous amount of coordination, and that strict adherence to social norms is a key mechanism that enables groups to do so. Here we examine how the strength of social norms—or cultural tightness–looseness—was associated with countries' success in limiting cases and deaths by October, 2020. We expected that … Show more

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Cited by 390 publications
(416 citation statements)
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References 23 publications
(29 reference statements)
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“…The COVID-19 situation, however, demonstrates some necessity for heavy sanctions, particularly when social norms promoting voluntary cooperation are lacking. Noncompliance appears more severe in countries with highly individualistic orientations and low obedience to authoritywhere outright defiance against mask wearing and other health safety directives is not uncommon -compared to countries with high levels of collectivistic orientation and authority deference (Tan and Li, 2020;Gelfand et al, 2021). As it is easier to mobilize collective effort when people care about the public good and are willing to work together under the instruction of the authorities, norms that promote concern for relational harmony and social obligations coupled with willingness to abide by government regulations may be most effective in eliciting compliance.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The COVID-19 situation, however, demonstrates some necessity for heavy sanctions, particularly when social norms promoting voluntary cooperation are lacking. Noncompliance appears more severe in countries with highly individualistic orientations and low obedience to authoritywhere outright defiance against mask wearing and other health safety directives is not uncommon -compared to countries with high levels of collectivistic orientation and authority deference (Tan and Li, 2020;Gelfand et al, 2021). As it is easier to mobilize collective effort when people care about the public good and are willing to work together under the instruction of the authorities, norms that promote concern for relational harmony and social obligations coupled with willingness to abide by government regulations may be most effective in eliciting compliance.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Groups may tighten their norms when confronting ecological threats such as outbreaks of diseases (Gelfand et al, 2011;Gelfand et al, 2017). Tighter norms are beneficial because they foster group coordination, sustaining collective efforts (Gelfand et al, 2021). However, tighter norms may also encourage the stigmatization of those perceived as undermining them.…”
Section: Self-conscious Emotions: Guilt and Shame In Response To Infectionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The approach is incredibly fast computationally and easily highlights important and interpretable trends in complex and potentially very noisy spatio-temporal data. These can then formally assist with policy decisions in relation to when and where interventions appear to be working 26 and when they are not, which 2 linked to cultural tightness. The emergence of significant changes in dynamics can also trigger further epidemiological and genetic studies to detect viral mutations that may be associated with or causing the changing dynamics.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Whilst the virus knows nothing of the political boundaries of geographical regions, the interventions taken to hinder the virus' progression have varied significantly across countries and adherence to these interventions can vary drastically depending on. 2 Understanding the important similarities in the dynamics of the pandemic across both space and time is therefore of huge importance in aiding successful policy interventions.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%