The relationship between current and former shift work and the metabolic syndrome

Adverse metabolic and mental health outcomes associated with shiftwork in a population-based study of 277,168 workers in UK biobank

“…[4,6] This discrepancy is probably related to the paucity of studies that included both sexes, as well as occupation-related factors that might differentially affect the implications of shiftwork for men and women. Also in contrast to previous work, we did not find strong evidence that the associations between shiftwork and BMI were dependent on chronotype, ethnicity or sleep duration.…”

“…Keywords circadian depression diabetes neuroticism nightshift obesity shiftwork well being BACKGROUND Shiftwork is associated with detrimental effects on health and wellbeing, including increased risk of diabetes [1][2][3][4][5] and sleep problems, [6][7][8] higher body mass index (BMI) [1,[9][10][11][12], and increased signs of anxiety and depression. [8,13,14] Shiftworkers were once predominantly male, manufacturing sector workers, but this is no longer the case; a recent government survey reported that security services, transport and communications industries were the most common occupation of shiftworkers in the United Kingdom.…”

Gender-specific association between night-work exposure and type-2 diabetes: results from longitudinal study of adult health, ELSA-Brasil

“…In a study of shift work and metabolic syndrome, Puttonen et al (36) pointed out that, although the reasons for the observed gender differences are not completely known, the characteristics of the working conditions of men and women may influence the associations found. Gender differences across some industries, such as healthcare and manufacturing, may also result in different hazard exposures among men and women and influence the risk of work injury (35).…”

“…Regarding gender differences, studies of diabetes (31), metabolic syndrome (32) and cardiovascular disease (33) point to possible different impacts by sex, while Wong et al (34,35) and Puttonen et al (36) have discussed aspects relating to work schedule. In a study of shift work and metabolic syndrome, Puttonen et al (36) pointed out that, although the reasons for the observed gender differences are not completely known, the characteristics of the working conditions of men and women may influence the associations found.…”

The metabolic syndrome among Danish seafarers: a follow-up study

“…In Denmark, males, who represent the majority of seafarers, have a higher prevalence than females. Metabolic syndrome has a strong aetiological relation to nutritional factors, sleep patterns, current [8] or previous shift work [9], work-related stress [10], fatigue [11], and physical activity [12] -all of which are critical issues at sea. The management of MS is primarily based on the treatment of identified hypertension, hyperlipidaemia or diabetes, which may well be asymptomatic.…”