“…In a study of HNC patients with (versus without) persistent posttreament depressive symptomatology (i.e., patients with consistently elevated BDI scores for six months or more beyond the conclusion of treatment), Karnell and colleagues (2006) reported that patients experiencing persistent depressive affect were more likely to report worse HNC-specific HRQOL outcomes after adjusting for various clinical characteristics. Similar results have been found in other studies measuring depressive symptomatology and/or more general distress in HNC patients (e.g., Bornbaum, Fung, Franklin, Nichols, Yoo, & Doyle, 2011; Chan, Lua, Starmer, Sun, Rosenblatt, & Gourin, 2011; de Leeuw, de Graeff, Ros, Blijham, Hordijk, & Winnubst, 2000a). …”