The Relationship between Diet and Frailty in Aging

Abstract

: The increase in lifespan in the 20th century entails an increase in the elderly population. This brings a new challenge for society, causing people to have physical and mental limitations caused by age-related diseases, such as frailty. Frailty is clinically characterized by multisystem pathophysiological processes, such as chronic inflammation, immune activation, dysregulation of the musculoskeletal and endocrine systems, oxidative stress, energy imbalances, mitochondrial dysfunction, and sarcopenia. Elderly should consume energy in amounts close to those in what is currently accepted as a balanced diet. However, an increase in protein intake may be recommended for elderly people as long as there is no kidney damage. This increase could help fight the loss of muscle mass associated with age. Additionally, vitamin and mineral intakes are often insufficient in their diets. Therefore, diet should be adapted not only to their age, but also to the pathologies associated with aging. Through these measures we can reduce the prevalence of comorbidity and thereby increase health span. Therefore, both physical and nutritional interventions, including functional foods and nutraceuticals, should be taken into account.

Association between diabetes complicated with comorbidities and frailty in older adults: A cross‐sectional study

“…Thus, older individuals should be targeted when providing health care (National Bureau of Statistics, 2021). We observed a significant association between age and frailty in the present study, and previous studies support our findings (Gimeno‐Mallench et al, 2020; Le Cossec et al, 2016). This result might be explained by the fact that with age, older individuals exhibit decreases in appetite, muscle strength, organ function and other functions.…”

Exploring New Kingdoms: The Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Oxi-Inflamm-Aging Related to Cardiorenal Syndrome

“…Therefore, improving the quality of health, nutrition, education, income, and medicine are strategic actions to delay aging and age-related diseases [ 143 ] and research efforts to understand the biological mechanisms underpinning age-related chronic diseases are vital. Nonetheless, increased vulnerability in premature aging, CKD-associated CVD triggers pathophysiological processes such as chronic inflammation, immune activation, dysregulation of the musculoskeletal and endocrine systems, oxidative stress, energy imbalance, endurance, are briefly characterized by a reduced physiological function, which can lead to frailty [ 144 , 145 ]. However, even though in CKD, the biological mechanism that causes frailty is unknown, the frailty in CKD patients may be due to CVD comorbidities.…”

“…In addition, frailty has been associated with an increased risk of CVD [ 27 , 150 ]. However, patients who reverse the frailty state also prevent the development of CVD [ 144 ].…”

Insect Models in Nutrition Research

“…Insects reared in captivity are often fed on solid diets consisting of complex nutritional sources such as oatmeal or yeast, but holidic diets are increasingly used to allow the precise and reproducible manipulation of food composition [ 18 ]. Many factors, including food intake, nutritional composition, locomotor activity, microbiome diversity, fertility, aging and life span can be systematically determined in response to dietary factors [ 19 , 20 ].…”