The Relationship between Early Maladaptive Schemas and Aspects of Identity in Obesity

Poursharifi, Hamid; Bidadian, Maryam; Bahramizadeh, Hamid; Salehinezhad, Mohammad Ali

doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.10.101

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…For instance, research has shown that dysfunctional emotion-avoidant strategies could have been embodied during childhood and could drive someone to use eating behaviors to manage their emotions [ 5 , 24 ]. Psychological treatments of EMS and structured schema therapy treatments have been proven to be clinically relevant interventions in patients with obesity [ 11 , 29 ]; however, less is known about patients who have already undergone bariatric surgery intervention. For example, no expositive social study has been conducted in the obesity surgery population to evaluate the impact of interpersonal dynamics in cognitive schemas of bariatric patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Cyberball task in people after obesity surgery: preliminary evaluation of cognitive effects of social inclusion and exclusion with a laboratory task

et al. 2021

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Background Social cognition and temperamental and interpretative styles could play a role in the outcome of bariatric surgery. This study aims to assess preliminary evidence about how obesity surgery patients evaluate social inclusion and exclusion through a ball-tossing game called Cyberball, looking at the influence of early maladaptive schemas. Methods Thirty-four patients with a history of obesity surgery interventions and 44 controls were recruited for this study. A psychological evaluation was performed before and after the Cyberball task with self-report questionnaires. Results In the ostracism condition, significant differences were seen across all the patients’ fundamental psychological needs with less perceived ostracization (p = 0.001) even if they recognized less interaction via fewer ball tosses than controls. Moreover, the ostracism paradigm resulted in patients experiencing a higher urge to binge (p = 0.010) and a higher urge to restrain (p = 0.012) than controls. Looking at differences due to the Cyberball paradigm applied, clear differences emerged only between controls subgroups at the specific self-report scales applied, corroborating the reduced perception of the exclusion. As evidenced by the schema domains, the study found a connection between the impaired limits-schema domain and the drive to binge. Conclusion The results show that obesity surgery patients reported different effects of the Cyberball task than controls. Different possible interpretations are discussed, and future directions for studies are exposed, both for the evaluation of social interactions effects and in the assessment of the role of specific cognitive schemas. Level of evidence Level III: evidence obtained from well-designed cohort or case–control analytic studies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Cyberball task in people after obesity surgery: preliminary evaluation of cognitive effects of social inclusion and exclusion with a laboratory task

et al. 2021

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“…Moreover, in the obese group, the severity of maladaptive schema scores was positively related to both mood disturbances and dysfunctional eating tendencies, while no significant association was detected between EMSs and BMI [ 28 ]. Poursharifi et al [ 29 ] reported that some aspects of identity (e.g., social and relational identities) were positively associated with EMSs in obese patients. More recently, da Luz et al [ 30 ] observed that, compared to normal-weight individuals, patients with morbid obesity (BMI > 40 kg/m 2 ) had higher scores for the insufficient self-control/self-discipline schema, even though this difference was not significant when mental health status was controlled for.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association between Food Addiction and Early Maladaptive Schemas in Overweight and Obese Women: A Preliminary Investigation

et al. 2017

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In recent years, there has been a growing focus on early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) as core features associated with eating psychopathology. The aims of the present study were to assess in overweight and obese women: (i) the association between dysfunctional eating patterns (i.e., food addiction and binge eating) and EMSs, and (ii) the association between food addiction and EMSs after controlling for potential confounding variables (i.e., binge eating severity and psychopathology). Participants were 70 overweight and obese women seeking low-energy-diet therapy. The patients were administered self-report measures investigating food addiction, binge eating, EMSs, anxiety symptoms, and depressive symptoms. Food addiction severity was strongly associated with all main schema domains. Binge eating severity was positively related to disconnection/rejection (r = 0.41; p < 0.01), impaired limits (r = 0.26; p < 0.05), and other-directedness domains (r = 0.27; p < 0.05). The disconnection/rejection schema was independently associated with food addiction severity, after controlling for the presence of other potential confounding variables (i.e., binge eating severity and psychopathology) suggesting that this domain may be a crucial factor for the development of food addiction.

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“…One study [3] evaluated the presence of early maladaptive schemas in participants with obesity and found that they showed more severe early maladaptive schemas than participants of normal weight, notably the early maladaptive schemas of social isolation/alienation and defectiveness/shame. Another study [4] found that the early maladaptive schemas of isolation/alienation, emotional inhibition, abandonment/instability and unrelenting standards/hypercriticalness negatively influenced aspects of identity amongst individuals with obesity. Additionally, a higher presence of the following early maladaptive schemas were found amongst adolescents with overweight or obesity in comparison to adolescents of normal weight: social isolation/alienation, defectiveness/shame, emotional deprivation, failure to achieve, dependence/incompetence, and subjugation [5], as well as emotional deprivation, abandonment/instability, subjugation and insufficient self-control/self-discipline [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Maladaptive Schemas and Cognitive Distortions in Adults with Morbid Obesity: Relationships with Mental Health Status

Luz

Sainsbury

Hay

et al. 2017

Behavioral Sciences

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Dysfunctional cognitions may be associated with unhealthy eating behaviors seen in individuals with obesity. However, dysfunctional cognitions commonly occur in individuals with poor mental health independently of weight. We examined whether individuals with morbid obesity differed with regard to dysfunctional cognitions when compared to individuals of normal weight, when mental health status was controlled for. 111 participants—53 with morbid obesity and 58 of normal weight—were assessed with the Mini-Mental State Examination, Young Schema Questionnaire, Cognitive Distortions Questionnaire, Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale, and a Demographic and Clinical Questionnaire. Participants with morbid obesity showed higher scores in one (insufficient self-control/self-discipline) of 15 early maladaptive schemas and in one (labeling) of 15 cognitive distortions compared to participants of normal weight. The difference between groups for insufficient self-control/self-discipline was not significant when mental health status was controlled for. Participants with morbid obesity showed more severe anxiety than participants of normal weight. Our findings did not show clinically meaningful differences in dysfunctional cognitions between participants with morbid obesity or of normal weight. Dysfunctional cognitions presented by individuals with morbid obesity are likely related to their individual mental health and not to their weight.

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The Relationship between Early Maladaptive Schemas and Aspects of Identity in Obesity

Cited by 7 publications

References 20 publications

The Cyberball task in people after obesity surgery: preliminary evaluation of cognitive effects of social inclusion and exclusion with a laboratory task

The Cyberball task in people after obesity surgery: preliminary evaluation of cognitive effects of social inclusion and exclusion with a laboratory task

The Association between Food Addiction and Early Maladaptive Schemas in Overweight and Obese Women: A Preliminary Investigation

Early Maladaptive Schemas and Cognitive Distortions in Adults with Morbid Obesity: Relationships with Mental Health Status

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