The relationship between early symptom severity, improvement and remission in first episode psychosis with jumping to conclusions

Xenaki, Lida-Alkisti; Stefanatou, Pentagiotissa; Ralli, Eirini; Hatzimanolis, Alex; Dimitrakopoulos, Stefanos; Soldatos, Rigas-Filippos; Vlachos, Ilias; Selaković, Mirjana; Foteli, Stefania; Kosteletos, Ioannis; Nianiakas, Nikos; Ntigridaki, Aggeliki; Triantafyllou, Theoni F; Voulgaraki, Marina; Mantonakis, Leonidas; Bozikas, Vasilios P.; Kollias, Konstantinos; Stefanis, Nikos C.

doi:10.1016/j.schres.2021.11.039

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Specifically, SMI patients are more susceptible to anxiety symptoms and psychological distress [ 25 ]. Furthermore, SMI patients typically present deficits in cognition [ 48 , 49 ], social cognition [ 50 ], and psychosocial functioning [ 51 ]. Consequently, SMI patients have a greater compliance difficulty with the essential restrictive measures to limit the epidemic, making their daily care by MHWs even more onerous [ 52 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fear of COVID-19 Impact on Professional Quality of Life among Mental Health Workers

Stefanatou

Xenaki

Karagiorgas

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Several studies have examined the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare workers’ mental health, but only a few have investigated its detrimental effect on the mental well-being of mental health workers (MHWs). Background: The current study aimed to explore the effect of the fear of COVID-19 (FSV-19) on professional quality of life dimensions, namely compassion satisfaction (CS), burnout (BO), and secondary traumatic stress (STS) in MHWs above and beyond sociodemographic and professional factors. Methods: Hierarchical linear regression models were employed to examine the relationship of extreme FSV-19 with CS, BO, and STS in MHWs (n = 224), after considering sociodemographic variables as potential confounding factors. Extreme FSV-19 was operationalized as a binary variable with a cut-off score of ≥16.5 considered as extreme fear. Results: We found that extreme FSV-19 in MHWs is linked with increased compassion fatigue (BO and STS), and this relationship is exacerbated by younger age in regard to BO and by female gender concerning STS. CS remains unaffected by severe FCV-19, and it is higher in older participants. Conclusion: Organizational support is required to protect MHWs’ mental well-being and ensure the quality of care they provide during prolonged crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Measures that intensify a sense of safety, protection, and control against COVID-19 infections in mental health services should be included in the recommendations that may reduce BO and STS among MHWs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fear of COVID-19 Impact on Professional Quality of Life among Mental Health Workers

Stefanatou

Xenaki

Karagiorgas

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…97 This may explain divergent findings of association between JTC and delusion severity. 13,14,17 To solve this challenge, future studies are needed to assess and computationally bridge these biases.…”

Section: Limitations and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…96 Second, future studies are needed with controlled sample characteristics/degree of homogeneity, as indicated in a previous report. 17 Third, we did not use a computerized presentation of the beads task, which could have affected the results, including participant misunderstanding. Fourth, all patients with SCZ were on antipsychotics; thus, we could not fully investigate the effects of medication.…”

Section: Limitations and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[13][14][15][16] The associations with delusion severity are less evident: two meta-analyses indicated weak 13 or trend-level 14 associations between stronger JTC bias and severer delusion, although a recent study with first-episode psychosis of a large sample-size observed that a stronger JTC was associated with milder psychotic symptoms. 17 JTC is stable against dopamine agonists/ antagonists, [18][19][20][21] occurs in patient's siblings, 22 and is partially affected by working memory and intelligence quota. 23,24 Thus, JTC bias is proposed to be a "trait representing liability to delusion" rather than a state marker.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Recent meta‐analyses have reported fewer DTD and more extreme responders among patients with schizophrenia/psychosis, with small to medium effect sizes 13–16 . The associations with delusion severity are less evident: two meta‐analyses indicated weak 13 or trend‐level 14 associations between stronger JTC bias and severer delusion, although a recent study with first‐episode psychosis of a large sample‐size observed that a stronger JTC was associated with milder psychotic symptoms 17 . JTC is stable against dopamine agonists/antagonists, 18–21 occurs in patient's siblings, 22 and is partially affected by working memory and intelligence quota 23,24 .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Associations of conservatism and jumping to conclusions biases with aberrant salience and default mode network

Miyata,

Sasamoto,

Ezaki

et al. 2024

Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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AimWhile conservatism bias refers to the human need for more evidence for decision‐making than rational thinking expects, the jumping to conclusions (JTC) bias refers to the need for less evidence among individuals with schizophrenia/delusion compared to healthy people. Although the hippocampus‐midbrain‐striatal aberrant salience system and the salience, default mode (DMN), and frontoparietal networks (“triple networks”) are implicated in delusion/schizophrenia pathophysiology, the associations between conservatism/JTC and these systems/networks are unclear.MethodsThirty‐seven patients with schizophrenia and 33 healthy controls performed the beads task, with large and small numbers of bead draws to decision (DTD) indicating conservatism and JTC, respectively. We performed independent component analysis (ICA) of resting functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data. For systems/networks above, we investigated interactions between diagnosis and DTD, and main effects of DTD. We similarly applied ICA to structural and diffusion MRI to explore the associations between DTD and gray/white matter.ResultsWe identified a significant main effect of DTD with functional connectivity between the striatum and DMN, which was negatively correlated with delusion severity in patients, indicating that the greater the anti‐correlation between these networks, the stronger the JTC and delusion. We further observed the main effects of DTD on a gray matter network resembling the DMN, and a white matter network connecting the functional and gray matter networks (all P < 0.05, family‐wise error [FWE] correction). Function and gray/white matter showed no significant interactions.ConclusionOur results support the novel association of conservatism and JTC biases with aberrant salience and default brain mode.

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Jumping to conclusions bias, psychosis and impulsivity in early stages of Parkinson’s disease

et al. 2023

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Objectives The aim was to explore the correlations between Jumping to Conclusions (JtC) tendency and neuropsychiatric features in patients with early Parkinson’s disease (PD). Background According to few reports, PD patients with impulsive–compulsive behaviors (ICBs) are prone to working memory difficulties including JtC bias. The correlation of psychotic features and JtC tendency remains still unclear. Methods Healthy controls and patients within 3 years of PD onset were recruited. Participants were examined for psychotic symptoms using a 10 question PD-specific psychosis severity scale. JtC was measured by a probalistic reasoning scenario (beads task). In PD group, medication use, motor and non-motor symptoms were documented. Impulsivity was evaluated using the Questionnaire for Impulsive–Compulsive Disorders in PD (QUIP). Results The prevalence of JtC bias was 9% (6/70) in healthy individuals, compared to 32% (22/68) of PD group [p = 0.001]. No association was detected between the presence of JtC tendency and PD-associated psychosis (p = 0.216). Patients with JtC had shorter duration of PD, more tremor-dominant PD subtype and higher QUIP scores, regardless of the dopaminergic therapy (p = 0.043, p = 0.015, p = 0.007, respectively). A trend towards attention and inhibition control deficit was noticed in JtC patients. Conclusions We found a high prevalence of JtC bias in early, cognitively intact PD population and a potential link between subthreshold ICBs and poor performance on beads task. Additional studies are needed to confirm our results and elaborate on the mechanisms that correlate impulsivity with JtC tendency, which are likely to be different from those mediating psychotic features in early PD.

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The relationship between early symptom severity, improvement and remission in first episode psychosis with jumping to conclusions

Cited by 6 publications

References 75 publications

Fear of COVID-19 Impact on Professional Quality of Life among Mental Health Workers

Fear of COVID-19 Impact on Professional Quality of Life among Mental Health Workers

Associations of conservatism and jumping to conclusions biases with aberrant salience and default mode network

Jumping to conclusions bias, psychosis and impulsivity in early stages of Parkinson’s disease

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