The Relationship between Head Impact Characteristics and Brain Trauma

Hoshizaki, Blaine; Post, Andrew; Kendall, Marshall; Karton, Clara; Brien, Susan

doi:10.4172/2155-9562.1000181

Cited by 37 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…In every case, the peak strain value was found in the grey matter, which is consistent with previous literature investigating mechanisms of concussive injury. Overall, this data set supports a continuum of injury theory as proposed by Hoshizaki et al (2013), with average values for PCS fitting in between transient concussions and TBI on a scale of severity when using global cerebrum responses.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Characterization of persistent concussive syndrome using injury reconstruction and finite element modelling

Post

Kendall

Koncan

et al. 2015

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Characterization of persistent concussive syndrome using injury reconstruction and finite element modelling

Post

Kendall

Koncan

et al. 2015

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials

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“…For example, it is known that severity of concussive injury resulting from head im-World Journal of Engineering and Technology pacts is directly related to the peak magnitude of linear and/or rotational acceleration of the head [16] [17] [18]. Interventions that reduce peak accelerations by extending velocity change over a longer period can reportedly reduce the severity of attendant damage [19] [20]. Consequently, the ability of our pneumatic gloves to exert that effect is evidently a positive feature, with the ARLI glove performing better than any of the others when pre-impact glove velocities were moderate to high.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Pneumatic Boxing Gloves on Impact Kinematics and Their Relationship to Impact Forces

Perkins

Jamieson²,

Spratford

et al. 2019

WJET

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This study was aimed at improved understanding of the mechanisms of previously reported protective effects of a pneumatic boxing glove. A Motion Capture System was used to obtain velocity data from four different boxing gloves dropped on to a force plate from nine heights ranging from 1 to 5 metres. Two gloves were of the conventional type but differed in mass. The other two were prototype pneumatic gloves. One of these (SBLI) had a sealed bladder while the other (ARLI) incorporated a port allowing air exchange with the external environment. The pneumatic gloves decelerated more slowly than the conventional gloves following impact and compressed through a greater absolute distance. Consequently, they took longer to reach zero velocity. As drop height increased, these trends became more pronounced for the ARLI glove than the SBLI glove. Increase in velocity during rebound was also slower for the pneumatic gloves. The ARLI glove had a lower coefficient of restitution than any of the other gloves at low to moderate drop heights but not at high drop heights. The SBLI glove had a higher coefficient of restitution than the other gloves at all drop heights from 2 metres upwards. This indicated that, overall, the ARLI glove was the most effective, and the SBLI glove the least effective, in dissipating the kinetic energy of impact through conversion to other energy forms. For all gloves at all drop heights, peak positive acceleration at the beginning of rebound was of lower absolute magnitude than peak negative acceleration at the end of compression. The influence of drop height on an index characterising this relationship differed between the conventional and pneumatic gloves, possibly reflecting structural changes to gloves as impact energy increased. The conventional and pneumatic gloves How to cite this paper: Perkins, P., Jamieson, A., Spratford, W. and Hahn, A. 473World Journal of Engineering and Technology differed regarding temporal alignment between key kinematic and kinetic events, and there were some differences between the two pneumatic gloves in this respect. Nevertheless, peak glove deceleration correlated highly with peak impact force, not only for each glove individually but also when data for all gloves were combined. The findings confirmed the potential practical utility of the ARLI glove and identified air cushion thickness, glove compressibility and capacity for air release and subsequent reuptake as critical aspects of its design. 474 World Journal of Engineering and Technology perhaps importantly influenced by factors other than just contact time or one of its components, the time to peak force.During our early studies with the pneumatic gloves [1] [2], we measured glove velocities, primarily with a view to confirming that peak pre-impact velocities matched our theoretical calculations. In view of the above, we decided to undertake more detailed analysis of the velocity data obtained after glove contact with the force plate. We reasoned that this analysis might yield further insights into determinant...

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“…Relating dangerous impacts to brain tissue damage such as SRC are valid contributions video reconstruction provides to our understanding of hockey SRC. This information contributes to the development of SRC prevention strategies [19,28,36,39,40].…”

Section: Video Reconstruction Determines Concussion Causationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proceedings from the Ice Hockey Summit III: Action on Concussion

Smith

Alford

Aubry³

et al. 2019

Exerc Med

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History:Objectives: The Ice Hockey Summit III provided updated scientific evidence on concussions in hockey to inform these five objectives: (1) describe sport related concussion (SRC) epidemiology, (2) classify prevention strategies, (3) define objective, diagnostic tests, (4) identify treatment and (5) integrate science and clinical care into prioritized action plans and policy. Methods:Our action plan evolved from 40 scientific presentations. The 155 attendees (physicians, athletic trainers, physical therapists, nurses, neuropsychologists, scientists, engineers, coaches and officials) voted to prioritize these action items in the final Summit session. Results:(1) establish a national and international hockey data base for SRCs at all levels; (2) eliminate body checking in Bantam youth hockey games; (3) expand a behavior modification program (Fair Play) to all youth hockey levels; (4) enforce game ejection penalties for fighting in Junior A and professional hockey leagues; (5) establish objective tests to diagnose concussion at point of care (POC); and (6) mandate baseline testing to improve concussion diagnosis for all age groups.Conclusions: Expedient implementation of the Summit III prioritized action items is necessary to reduce the risk, severity and consequences of concussion in the sport of ice hockey.

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The Relationship between Head Impact Characteristics and Brain Trauma

Cited by 37 publications

References 65 publications

Characterization of persistent concussive syndrome using injury reconstruction and finite element modelling

Characterization of persistent concussive syndrome using injury reconstruction and finite element modelling

Effect of Pneumatic Boxing Gloves on Impact Kinematics and Their Relationship to Impact Forces

Proceedings from the Ice Hockey Summit III: Action on Concussion

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