The relationship between heterochromatic homology and meiotic segregation of compound second autosomes during spermatogenesis in<i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>

Hilliker, Arthur J.; Holm, David G.; Appels, R.

doi:10.1017/s0016672300020851

Cited by 27 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…He postulated that small regions of heterochromatin ('pairing sites': Cooper, 1964)take care of homologue pairing. Such pairing sites were also indicated in the proximal euchromatin (Hilliker et al, 1982). The residual portion of the heterochromatin including the whole autosomal heterochromatin seems not to be essential for synapsis (John & Miklos, 1979;Yamamoto, 1979;.…”

Section: -2)mentioning

confidence: 86%

Somatic synapsis of eu- and heterochromatic regions of Drosophila melanogaster chromosomes

Semionov

Smirnov

1984

Genetica

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Quantitative cytogenetical analysis has been used to study the synapsis of D. melanogaster neuroblast mitotic chromosomes from normal females, flies with heterozygous deletions, duplications or inversions in the heterochromatic regions of chromosome 2 and in triploid females. In all these genotypes chromocentric fusion of heterochromatic regions of heterologous chromosomes is observed. Eu-and heterochromatic regions of homologous chromosomes are intimately paired at the same time during the cell cycle. The structural rearrangements lead to reduced frequencies of chromocentric association as well as of homologous synapsis compared with the frequencies in the wild-type. The results obtained are discussed with respect to the general problem of the homologous interaction of chromosomes and the significance of heterochromatin for these processes.

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Section: -2)mentioning

confidence: 86%

Somatic synapsis of eu- and heterochromatic regions of Drosophila melanogaster chromosomes

Semionov

Smirnov

1984

Genetica

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“…But even if one ignores it, it would be difficult to 'squeeze' all the disjunction determinants into the proximal euchromatic segments, as demanded by Yamamoto (1979) and Hilliker et al (1982). Let us accept for the argument's sake a more extreme interpretation, namely that the 14 Experimental stocks belong to only two classes: Those with H-determinants in the proximal euchromatin (Experimental stocks 110,112,170,312,442,750, and 890 on the left arm, and 126, 311, 726, and 880 on the right arm) and those with no disjunction determinants (Experimental stocks 148, and 980 on the left arm and 101 on the right arm).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The chromosome carries also' at least half of the 2R heterochromatin' (Hilliker, Holm & Appels, 1982). The right arms of chromosome 2 are present as two 'free' right arms, from which the left arm euchromatin and most of the heterochromatin was deleted.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 60 R. FALK, SHIXLA BAKER AND ANA RAHAT order to find out how frequently these Tester stock flies produce other than the prevailing types of gametes, they were mated to two different complementary compound arms stocks, C(2L)RM, 6/C(2R)RM, en and C(2L)RM, j/C(2R)RM, px. These stocks produce four gamete types, C(2L), C(2R), C(2L)/C(2R) and 0, with equal frequencies in males and predominantly the first two types in females (Yamamoto, 1979;Hilliker, Holm & Appels, 1982). Of these gametes the first two Table 1.…”

Section: (B) Tester Stock Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For Drosophila males there seems to be general agreement that specific sites in the proximal heterochromatin of the X chromosome determine X-Y chromosome pairing and disjunction (Cooper, 1964(Cooper, , 1965Yamamoto & Miklos, 1977;Applels &Hilliker, 1982;Ault, Lin & Church, 1982). But it has been claimed that in the autosomes neither the basal heterochromatin as such, nor any specific pairing sites in these heterochromatic segments, play any role in male meiotic pairing processes (Yamamoto, 1979;Hilliker, Holm & Appels, 1982). Furthermore, studies of non-exchange chromosomes in Drosophila indicated that forces that governed chromosome disjunction in females did not act in males (Grell, 1976; • Throughout the series of these papers an attempt has been made to reserve disjunction (and non-disjunction) for events between homologues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Segregation of centricY-autosome translocations inDrosophila melanogaster: I. Segregation determinants in males

1985

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A special screening procedure for the detection of induced Y-autosome translocations with centric breakpoints was applied. A series of Experimental stocks was constructed, each containing a different half of one of the induced T(Y; 2)'s (T element). The three other elements that were involved in the segregation experiments in each stock were a sex chromosome (X element), an inverted chromosome 2 (A element), and a free arm of chromosome 2 (F element). It is not feasible to determine the relative frequencies of all the 16 possible gamete types by mating an Experimental stock to one tester, nor to different testers that have each at least one class of progeny of the same genotype. Each Experimental stock was mated to four different Tester stocks and the data were calibrated so that a coherent segregation pattern could be obtained.Segregation patterns in meiosis of males from 15 Experimental stocks, each with a different T element were studied. In most Experimental stocks the T element was of the left autosomal arm, while the F element was of the right autosomal arm. In four Experimental stocks the X element segregated independently of the A, F and T elements. In these Group 1 stocks, both the F and the T elements disjoined regularly from the A element. It was concluded that the T element of these stocks had no sex-chromosome disjunction determinants ('S-determinants') to interact with the determinants on the X element. Both the T elements and the F elements carried autosomal disjunction determinants ('Hdeterminants') that secured the segregation of the autosomal elements. The H-determinants of the left autosomal arm were qualitatively different from those of the right arm.In the remaining 11 Group-2 Experimental stocks the X and T elements disjoined regularly, indicating the presence of S-determinants on the T elements of these stocks. The segregation of the T and the A elements in these stocks varied from nearly complete dependence to complete independence. It was concluded that this gradation reflected differences in the quantity of H-determinants present on the T elements of these Experimental stocks. It was impossible to discriminate between a model of continuous H determinants activity and one of a finite discrete number of determinants. The results do not agree with the claim that there are no autosomal disjunction determinants in the proximal heterochromatin of chromosome 2. 52R. FALK, SHULA BAKBB AND ANA RAHAT The S-determinants on the B s Yy + chromosome were located both adjacent to the centromere and distally on the long arm. The latter were probably translocated to the Y chromosome together with the B s marker.

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Homologous chromosome pairing: The linchpin of accurate segregation in meiosis

Tian,

Liu,

Gao

et al. 2023

Journal Cellular Physiology

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Meiosis is a specialized cell division that occurs in sexually reproducing organisms, generating haploid gametes containing half the chromosome number through two rounds of cell division. Homologous chromosomes pair and prepare for their proper segregation in subsequent divisions. How homologous chromosomes recognize each other and achieve pairing is an important question. Early studies showed that in most organisms, homologous pairing relies on homologous recombination. However, pairing mechanisms differ across species. Evidence indicates that chromosomes are dynamic and move during early meiotic stages, facilitating pairing. Recent studies in various model organisms suggest conserved mechanisms and key regulators of homologous chromosome pairing. This review summarizes these findings and compare similarities and differences in homologous chromosome pairing mechanisms across species.

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The relationship between heterochromatic homology and meiotic segregation of compound second autosomes during spermatogenesis inDrosophila melanogaster

Cited by 27 publications

References 19 publications

Somatic synapsis of eu- and heterochromatic regions of Drosophila melanogaster chromosomes

Somatic synapsis of eu- and heterochromatic regions of Drosophila melanogaster chromosomes

Segregation of centricY-autosome translocations inDrosophila melanogaster: I. Segregation determinants in males

Homologous chromosome pairing: The linchpin of accurate segregation in meiosis

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