“…Though not as popular as SDL, resilience has also been investigated by various L2 research studies, mostly in the Asian context (e.g. : Danesh & Shahnaazari, 2020;Kim, Kim, & Kim, 2018;Kim & Kim, 2020Malekan & Hajimohammadi, 2017;Nguyen, Stanley, Stanley, & Wang, 2015;Subekti, 2021). In Korea, Kim and Kim (2016), involving 1620 secondary school learners, found that learners' resilience, seen from their persistence, could strongly predict their English as L2 proficiency and motivated learning behaviours.…”