The relationship between leukoaraiosis volume and parameters of carotid artery duplex ultrasonographic scanning in asymptomatic diabetic patients

Tanaka, Tomotaka; Shimizu, Tomohisa; Fukuhara, Toru

doi:10.1016/j.compmedimag.2009.04.007

Cited by 16 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…These data are concordant with the observation of Manolio et al, 47 who reported a correlation between LA and IMT measured by US; they demonstrated a strong and consistent relationship between LA and increasing carotid IMT. These results were recently confirmed by Tanaka et al 48 The association between LA and increasing age is well documented, 4,11,[49][50][51] and for this reason, we decided to include only those patients Ն60 years of age to reduce the effect of age; however, the inclusion of subjects only Ն60 years of age represents a bias in this study and may limit the degree to which our results can be generalized to the entire population. Our results confirmed a significant statistical association between increasing age, LA, and LA severity (P ϭ .0012 and Ͻ.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Carotid Artery Wall Thickness and Leukoaraiosis: Preliminary Results Using Multidetector Row CT Angiography

Saba

Pascalis²,

Sanfilippo³

et al. 2011

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Carotid Artery Wall Thickness and Leukoaraiosis: Preliminary Results Using Multidetector Row CT Angiography

Saba

Pascalis²,

Sanfilippo³

et al. 2011

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

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“…Therefore, they hypothesised that the main mechanism of ischaemic injuries was mechanical microvessel injury due to increased pulsatility. Hypo-perfusion has been postulated as an alternative mechanism [13,14]. However, none of the studies calculated ICA blood flow to support this hypothesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…In contrast to perfusion MRI, it also enables measurements in different stages of the cardiac cycle (systole and diastole); therefore, blood flow is not automatically lowered in already ischaemic region as it is on perfusion MRI [15]. However, to our knowledge only a few studies have assessed the relationship between ICA or middle cerebral artery (MCA) blood flow parameters and WMH [4,5,13,14,16]. Most authors found increased or normal systolic velocity and decreased diastolic velocity in ILA patients [13,14,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to one theory, increased large artery stiffness impairs the dampening of the arterial wave form in large arteries and reduces wave reflection at the interface of large and small arteries, which exposes the small vessels in the brain to abnormal pressure and flow pulsations, thereby causing damage to the small vessel walls [3,4,5,11,12]. According to another theory, WMH is a consequence of hypo-perfusion during diastole [13,14]. Blood flow in the cerebral microvasculature is difficult to measure directly in vivo; therefore, either theory is difficult to prove.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, to our knowledge only a few studies have assessed the relationship between ICA or middle cerebral artery (MCA) blood flow parameters and WMH [4,5,13,14,16]. Most authors found increased or normal systolic velocity and decreased diastolic velocity in ILA patients [13,14,16]. They focused on pulse pressure and pulsatility indexes of the MCA or ICA waveform and found increased pulsatility index (PI) [14,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carotid Arterial Hemodynamic in Ischemic Levkoaraiosis Suggests Hypoperfusion Mechanism

Turk

Zupan²,

Zaletel³

et al. 2015

Eur Neurol

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Background: Leukoaraiosis (ILA) is believed to be ischaemic in origin due to its similar location as that of lacunar infarctions and its association with cerebrovascular risk factors. However, its pathophysiology is not well understood. The ischaemic injuries may be a result of increased pulsatility or cerebral hypo-perfusion. We used carotid duplex ultrasound to prove that the underlying mechanism is hypo-perfusion. Methods: We compared 55 ILA patients to 44 risk factor-matched controls with normal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the head. ILA diagnosis was based on MRI and was further categorised according to the Fazekas scale. We measured carotid artery blood flow velocity and diameter and calculated carotid blood flow and resistance indexes. Results: Blood flow velocities and blood flows were significantly lower in the ILA group, including diastolic, systolic and mean pressures (p ≤ 0.05). The resistance indices were higher in the ILA group, but the differences were not statistically significant. All the velocities and blood flows showed a decreasing trend with higher Fazekas score, whereas resistance indexes showed an increasing trend. Conclusions: Lower blood flow and higher resistance of carotid arteries are consistent with the hypo-perfusion theory of ILA. Carotid ultrasound could have a diagnostic and prognostic role in ILA patients.

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Assessment of carotid stiffness by measuring carotid pulse wave velocity using a single‐slice oblique‐sagittal phase‐contrast MRI

Pahlavian

Cen

et al. 2021

Magnetic Resonance in Med

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Increased arterial stiffness has been shown to be one of the earliest markers of cerebrovascular dysfunction. As a surrogate marker of arterial stiffness, pulse wave velocity (PWV) quantifications are generally carried out on central and peripheral arteries. The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate an MRI approach to assess carotid stiffness by measuring carotid PWV (cPWV) using a fast obliquesagittal phase-contrast MRI sequence. Methods: In 29 volunteers, a single-slice oblique-sagittal phase-contrast MRI sequence with retrospective cardiac gating was used to quantify blood velocity waveforms along a vessel segment covering the common carotid artery (CCA) and the internal carotid artery (ICA). The CCA-ICA segment length was measured from a region of interest selected on the magnitude image. Phase-contrast MRI-measured velocities were also used to quantify the ICA pulsatility index along with cPWV quantification. Results: The mean value of cPWV calculated using the middle upslope area algorithm was 2.86 ± 0.71 and 3.97 ± 1.14 m/s in young and elderly subjects, respectively. Oblique-sagittal phase-contrast MRI-derived cPWV measurements showed excellent intrascan and interscan repeatability. cPWV and ICA pulsatility index were significantly greater in older subjects compared to those in the young subjects (P < .01 and P = .01, respectively). Also, increased cPWV values were associated with elevated systolic blood pressure (β = 0.05, P = .03). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that oblique-sagittal phase-contrast MRI is a feasible technique for the quantification of both cPWV and ICA pulsatility index and showed their potential utility in evaluating cerebroarterial aging and age-related neurovascular disorders.

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The relationship between leukoaraiosis volume and parameters of carotid artery duplex ultrasonographic scanning in asymptomatic diabetic patients

Cited by 16 publications

References 29 publications

Carotid Artery Wall Thickness and Leukoaraiosis: Preliminary Results Using Multidetector Row CT Angiography

Carotid Artery Wall Thickness and Leukoaraiosis: Preliminary Results Using Multidetector Row CT Angiography

Carotid Arterial Hemodynamic in Ischemic Levkoaraiosis Suggests Hypoperfusion Mechanism

Assessment of carotid stiffness by measuring carotid pulse wave velocity using a single‐slice oblique‐sagittal phase‐contrast MRI

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